在填充子模块之前，您必须做两件事：

git submodule init 
git submodule update

只需在项目目录中执行这些操作。

$ git submodule init
$ git submodule update

尝试在git存储库中包含子模块。

git clone -b <branch_name> --recursive <remote> <directory>

or

git clone --recurse-submodules

我建议：

# - git submodule init initializes your local configuration file to track the submodules your repository uses, it just sets up the configuration so that you can use the git submodule update command to clone and update the submodules.
git submodule init
# - git submodule update --init initializes your local configuration file and clones the submodules for you, using the commit specified in the main repository.
#   note, command bellow will not pull the right branch -- even if it's in your .gitmodules file, for that you need remote. Likely because it looks at the origin (pointer to remote) in github for the available branches.
#   note, bellow pulls the submodules if you didn't specify them when cloning parent project, ref: https://youtu.be/wTGIDDg0tK8?t=119
git submodule update --init

如果您有子模块的特定分支，请将其更改为：

# - git submodule init initializes your local configuration file to track the submodules your repository uses, it just sets up the configuration so that you can use the git submodule update command to clone and update the submodules.
git submodule init

# - The --remote option tells Git to update the submodule to the commit specified in the upstream repository, rather than the commit specified in the main repository.
#git submodule update --init --remote
git submodule update --init --recursive --remote meta-dataset

对于测试的完整示例：

# decided against this because it seems complicated

# - note to clone uutils with its submodule do (cmd not tested):
cd $HOME
git clone --recurse-submodules git@github.com:brando90/ultimate-utils.git

# - git submodules
cd $HOME/diversity-for-predictive-success-of-meta-learning

# - in case it's needed if the submodules bellow have branches your local project doesn't know about from the submodules upstream
git fetch

# -- first repo
# - adds the repo to the .gitmodule & clones the repo
git submodule add -f -b hdb --name meta-dataset git@github.com:brando90/meta-dataset.git meta-dataset/

# - ref for init then update: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3796927/how-do-i-git-clone-a-repo-including-its-submodules/3796947#3796947
#git submodule init
#git submodule update

# - git submodule init initializes your local configuration file to track the submodules your repository uses, it just sets up the configuration so that you can use the git submodule update command to clone and update the submodules.
git submodule init
# - git submodule update --init initializes your local configuration file and clones the submodules for you, using the commit specified in the main repository.
#   note, command bellow will not pull the right branch -- even if it's in your .gitmodules file, for that you need remote. Likely because it looks at the origin (pointer to remote) in github for the available branches.
#   note, bellow pulls the submodules if you didn't specify them when cloning parent project, ref: https://youtu.be/wTGIDDg0tK8?t=119
git submodule update --init
# - The --remote option tells Git to update the submodule to the commit specified in the upstream repository, rather than the commit specified in the main repository.
#git submodule update --init --remote
git submodule update --init --recursive --remote meta-dataset

# - check we are using the right branch https://stackoverflow.com/questions/74998463/why-does-git-submodule-status-not-match-the-output-of-git-branch-of-my-submodule
git submodule status
cd meta-dataset
git branch  # should show hdb
cd ..

# pip install -r $HOME/meta-dataset/requirements.txt

# -- 2nd repo, simplified commands from above
git submodule add -f -b hdb --name pytorch-meta-dataset git@github.com:brando90/pytorch-meta-dataset.git pytorch-meta-dataset/

git submodule init
git submodule update --init --recursive --remote meta-dataset

# - check it's in specified branch
git submodule status
cd pytorch-meta-dataset
git branch  # should show hdb
cd ..

# pip install -r $HOME/pytorch-meta-dataset/requirements.txt

[快速回答]

您可以使用此命令克隆包含所有子模块的repo：

git clone --recursive YOUR-GIT-REPO-URL

或者，如果您已经克隆了项目，则可以使用：

git submodule init
git submodule update

使用此命令克隆所有子模块的repo

git clone --recurse-submodules git@gitlab.staging-host.com:yourproject

更新所有子模块的代码

git submodule update --recursive --remote