As struct are value types and you can create the memory very easily which stores into stack.Struct can be easily accessible and after the scope of the work it's easily deallocated from the stack memory through pop from the top of the stack. On the other hand class is a reference type which stores in heap and changes made in one class object will impact to other object as they are tightly coupled and reference type.All members of a structure are public whereas all the members of a class are private.

struct的缺点是不能被继承。

As struct are value types and you can create the memory very easily which stores into stack.Struct can be easily accessible and after the scope of the work it's easily deallocated from the stack memory through pop from the top of the stack. On the other hand class is a reference type which stores in heap and changes made in one class object will impact to other object as they are tightly coupled and reference type.All members of a structure are public whereas all the members of a class are private.

struct的缺点是不能被继承。

在这些回答中没有注意到的一点是，持有类和结构的变量可以是let，同时仍然允许对对象的属性进行更改，而对于结构则不能这样做。

如果你不希望变量指向另一个对象，但仍然需要修改对象，即在有许多实例变量的情况下，你希望一个接一个地更新，这是很有用的。如果它是一个结构，你必须允许变量被重置为另一个对象使用var，因为在Swift常量值类型正确地允许零突变，而引用类型(类)不这样做。

在Swift中，引入了一种新的编程模式，称为面向协议编程。

创建型模式:

在swift中，Struct是一种自动克隆的值类型。因此，我们可以免费获得实现原型模式所需的行为。

而类是引用类型，在赋值过程中不会自动克隆。为了实现原型模式，类必须采用NSCopying协议。

浅拷贝只复制指向那些对象的引用，而深拷贝复制对象的引用。

为每种引用类型实现深度复制已成为一项乏味的任务。如果类包含进一步的引用类型，我们必须为每个引用属性实现原型模式。然后我们需要通过实现NSCopying协议复制整个对象图。

class Contact{
  var firstName:String
  var lastName:String
  var workAddress:Address // Reference type
}

class Address{
   var street:String
   ...
} 

通过使用结构体和枚举，我们使我们的代码更简单，因为我们不需要实现复制逻辑。

结构比类快得多。同样，如果你需要继承，那么你必须使用Class。最重要的一点是类是引用类型，而结构是值类型。例如,

class Flight {
    var id:Int?
    var description:String?
    var destination:String?
    var airlines:String?
    init(){
        id = 100
        description = "first ever flight of Virgin Airlines"
        destination = "london"
        airlines = "Virgin Airlines"
    } 
}

struct Flight2 {
    var id:Int
    var description:String
    var destination:String
    var airlines:String  
}

现在让我们创建两者的实例。

var flightA = Flight()

var flightB = Flight2.init(id: 100, description:"first ever flight of Virgin Airlines", destination:"london" , airlines:"Virgin Airlines" )

现在让我们将这些实例传递给两个修改id、描述、目的地等的函数。

func modifyFlight(flight:Flight) -> Void {
    flight.id = 200
    flight.description = "second flight of Virgin Airlines"
    flight.destination = "new york"
    flight.airlines = "Virgin Airlines"
}

同时,

func modifyFlight2(flight2: Flight2) -> Void {
    var passedFlight = flight2
    passedFlight.id = 200
    passedFlight.description = "second flight from virgin airlines" 
}

so,

modifyFlight(flight: flightA)
modifyFlight2(flight2: flightB)

现在如果我们打印航班a的id和描述，我们得到

id = 200
description = "second flight of Virgin Airlines"

在这里，我们可以看到FlightA的id和描述被改变了，因为传递给modify方法的参数实际上指向FlightA对象(引用类型)的内存地址。

现在如果我们打印FLightB实例的id和描述，

id = 100
description = "first ever flight of Virgin Airlines"

这里我们可以看到FlightB实例没有改变，因为在modifyFlight2方法中，Flight2的实际实例是传递而不是引用(值类型)。

Structure and class are user defied data types By default, structure is a public whereas class is private Class implements the principal of encapsulation Objects of a class are created on the heap memory Class is used for re usability whereas structure is used for grouping the data in the same structure Structure data members cannot be initialized directly but they can be assigned by the outside the structure Class data members can be initialized directly by the parameter less constructor and assigned by the parameterized constructor