在上面代码的基础上，我反映了如下代码，可能它更适合:

public String getPath(Uri uri) {
    String selectedImagePath;
    //1:MEDIA GALLERY --- query from MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA
    String[] projection = { MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA };
    Cursor cursor = managedQuery(uri, projection, null, null, null);
    if(cursor != null){
        int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA);
        cursor.moveToFirst();
        selectedImagePath = cursor.getString(column_index);
    }else{
        selectedImagePath = null;
    }

    if(selectedImagePath == null){
        //2:OI FILE Manager --- call method: uri.getPath()
        selectedImagePath = uri.getPath();
    }
    return selectedImagePath;
}

这里有两个关于图像拾取器的有用教程，可下载源代码:

如何创建Android图像拾取器

如何在Android上选择和裁剪图像

但是，应用程序有时会被迫关闭，你可以通过添加android:configChanges属性到Manifest文件中的主活动来修复它:

<activity android:name=".MainActivity"
                  android:label="@string/app_name" android:configChanges="keyboardHidden|orientation" >

似乎相机API失去了对方向的控制，所以这将有助于它。：）

在上面代码的基础上，我反映了如下代码，可能它更适合:

public String getPath(Uri uri) {
    String selectedImagePath;
    //1:MEDIA GALLERY --- query from MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA
    String[] projection = { MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA };
    Cursor cursor = managedQuery(uri, projection, null, null, null);
    if(cursor != null){
        int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA);
        cursor.moveToFirst();
        selectedImagePath = cursor.getString(column_index);
    }else{
        selectedImagePath = null;
    }

    if(selectedImagePath == null){
        //2:OI FILE Manager --- call method: uri.getPath()
        selectedImagePath = uri.getPath();
    }
    return selectedImagePath;
}

这是我对这个主题的回顾，收集了这里的所有信息，再加上其他相关的堆栈溢出问题。它从某些提供者返回图像，同时处理内存不足的情况和图像旋转。它支持画廊，picasa和文件管理器，如下拉框。用法很简单:作为输入，构造函数接收内容解析器和uri。输出是最终的位图。

/**
 * Creates resized images without exploding memory. Uses the method described in android
 * documentation concerning bitmap allocation, which is to subsample the image to a smaller size,
 * close to some expected size. This is required because the android standard library is unable to
 * create a reduced size image from an image file using memory comparable to the final size (and
 * loading a full sized multi-megapixel picture for processing may exceed application memory budget).
 */

public class UserPicture {
    static int MAX_WIDTH = 600;
    static int MAX_HEIGHT = 800;
    Uri uri;
    ContentResolver resolver;
    String path;
    Matrix orientation;
    int storedHeight;
    int storedWidth;

    public UserPicture(Uri uri, ContentResolver resolver) {
        this.uri = uri;
        this.resolver = resolver;
    }

    private boolean getInformation() throws IOException {
        if (getInformationFromMediaDatabase())
            return true;

        if (getInformationFromFileSystem())
            return true;

        return false;
    }

    /* Support for gallery apps and remote ("picasa") images */
    private boolean getInformationFromMediaDatabase() {
        String[] fields = { Media.DATA, ImageColumns.ORIENTATION };
        Cursor cursor = resolver.query(uri, fields, null, null, null);

        if (cursor == null)
            return false;

        cursor.moveToFirst();
        path = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Media.DATA));
        int orientation = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(ImageColumns.ORIENTATION));
        this.orientation = new Matrix();
        this.orientation.setRotate(orientation);
        cursor.close();

        return true;
    }

    /* Support for file managers and dropbox */
    private boolean getInformationFromFileSystem() throws IOException {
        path = uri.getPath();

        if (path == null)
            return false;

        ExifInterface exif = new ExifInterface(path);
        int orientation = exif.getAttributeInt(ExifInterface.TAG_ORIENTATION,
                                               ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_NORMAL);

        this.orientation = new Matrix();
        switch(orientation) {
            case ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_NORMAL:
                /* Identity matrix */
                break;
            case ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_FLIP_HORIZONTAL:
                this.orientation.setScale(-1, 1);
                break;
            case ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_ROTATE_180:
                this.orientation.setRotate(180);
                break;
            case ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_FLIP_VERTICAL:
                this.orientation.setScale(1, -1);
                break;
            case ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_TRANSPOSE:
                this.orientation.setRotate(90);
                this.orientation.postScale(-1, 1);
                break;
            case ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_ROTATE_90:
                this.orientation.setRotate(90);
                break;
            case ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_TRANSVERSE:
                this.orientation.setRotate(-90);
                this.orientation.postScale(-1, 1);
                break;
            case ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_ROTATE_270:
                this.orientation.setRotate(-90);
                break;
        }

        return true;
    }

    private boolean getStoredDimensions() throws IOException {
        InputStream input = resolver.openInputStream(uri);
        Options options = new Options();
        options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
        BitmapFactory.decodeStream(resolver.openInputStream(uri), null, options);

        /* The input stream could be reset instead of closed and reopened if it were possible
           to reliably wrap the input stream on a buffered stream, but it's not possible because
           decodeStream() places an upper read limit of 1024 bytes for a reset to be made (it calls
           mark(1024) on the stream). */
        input.close();

        if (options.outHeight <= 0 || options.outWidth <= 0)
            return false;

        storedHeight = options.outHeight;
        storedWidth = options.outWidth;

        return true;
    }

    public Bitmap getBitmap() throws IOException {
        if (!getInformation())
            throw new FileNotFoundException();

        if (!getStoredDimensions())
            throw new InvalidObjectException(null);

        RectF rect = new RectF(0, 0, storedWidth, storedHeight);
        orientation.mapRect(rect);
        int width = (int)rect.width();
        int height = (int)rect.height();
        int subSample = 1;

        while (width > MAX_WIDTH || height > MAX_HEIGHT) {
            width /= 2;
            height /= 2;
            subSample *= 2;
        }

        if (width == 0 || height == 0)
            throw new InvalidObjectException(null);

        Options options = new Options();
        options.inSampleSize = subSample;
        Bitmap subSampled = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(resolver.openInputStream(uri), null, options);

        Bitmap picture;
        if (!orientation.isIdentity()) {
            picture = Bitmap.createBitmap(subSampled, 0, 0, options.outWidth, options.outHeight,
                                          orientation, false);
            subSampled.recycle();
        } else
            picture = subSampled;

        return picture;
    }
}

引用:

http://developer.android.com/training/displaying-bitmaps/index.html 通过编程方式从Android内置的Gallery应用程序中获取/选择一张图像 在将图像加载到位图对象时出现奇怪的内存不足问题 使用ExifInterface设置图像方向 https://gist.github.com/9re/1990019 如何获得位图信息，然后解码位图从internet-inputStream?

以下解决方案适用于2.3(姜饼)-4.4(奇巧)，5.0(棒棒糖)和6.0(棉花糖)也:-

步骤1打开图库选择图片的代码:

public static final int PICK_IMAGE = 1;
private void takePictureFromGalleryOrAnyOtherFolder() 
{
    Intent intent = new Intent();
    intent.setType("image/*");
    intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
    startActivityForResult(Intent.createChooser(intent, "Select Picture"), PICK_IMAGE);
}

步骤2 onActivityResult中获取数据的代码:

 @Override
 protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
            super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
            if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
               if (requestCode == PICK_IMAGE) {
                    Uri selectedImageUri = data.getData();
                    String imagePath = getRealPathFromURI(selectedImageUri);
                   //Now you have imagePath do whatever you want to do now
                 }//end of inner if
             }//end of outer if
      }

 public String getRealPathFromURI(Uri contentUri) {
        //Uri contentUri = Uri.parse(contentURI);

        String[] projection = { MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA };
        Cursor cursor = null;
        try {
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > 19) {
                // Will return "image:x*"
                String wholeID = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(contentUri);
                // Split at colon, use second item in the array
                String id = wholeID.split(":")[1];
                // where id is equal to
                String sel = MediaStore.Images.Media._ID + "=?";

                cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(
                        MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI,
                        projection, sel, new String[] { id }, null);
            } else {
                cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(contentUri,
                        projection, null, null, null);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        String path = null;
        try {
            int column_index = cursor
                    .getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA);
            cursor.moveToFirst();
            path = cursor.getString(column_index).toString();
            cursor.close();
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return path;
    }

hcpl的方法在kitkat之前工作得很好，但不能与DocumentsProvider API一起工作。为此，只需简单地遵循官方的Android文档提供者教程:https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/providers/document-provider.html ->打开一个文档，位图部分。

简单地，我使用了hcpl的代码并扩展了它:如果图像的检索路径的文件抛出异常，我调用这个函数:

private Bitmap getBitmapFromUri(Uri uri) throws IOException {
        ParcelFileDescriptor parcelFileDescriptor =
             getContentResolver().openFileDescriptor(uri, "r");
        FileDescriptor fileDescriptor = parcelFileDescriptor.getFileDescriptor();
        Bitmap image = BitmapFactory.decodeFileDescriptor(fileDescriptor);
        parcelFileDescriptor.close();
        return image;
}

在Nexus 5上测试。