我对PHP、JavaScript和许多其他脚本语言很有经验，但我对Java或Android没有太多经验。
我正在寻找一种方法将POST数据发送到PHP脚本并显示结果。
当前回答
注(2020年10月):以下答案中使用的AsyncTask已在Android API级别30中弃用。有关更新的示例，请参考官方文档或本博客文章
更新(2017年6月)答案，适用于Android 6.0+。感谢@Rohit Suthar， @Tamis Bolvari和@sudhiskr的评论。
public class CallAPI extends AsyncTask<String, String, String> {
public CallAPI(){
//set context variables if required
}
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
super.onPreExecute();
}
@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
String urlString = params[0]; // URL to call
String data = params[1]; //data to post
OutputStream out = null;
try {
URL url = new URL(urlString);
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
out = new BufferedOutputStream(urlConnection.getOutputStream());
BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(out, "UTF-8"));
writer.write(data);
writer.flush();
writer.close();
out.close();
urlConnection.connect();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
}
引用:
https://developer.android.com/reference/java/net/HttpURLConnection.html 如何使用NameValuePair使用POST添加参数到HttpURLConnection
原答案(2010年5月)
注意:此解决方案已过时。它只能在5.1版本以下的安卓设备上运行。Android 6.0及以上版本不包括本回答中使用的Apache http客户端。
来自Apache Commons的Http Client是可行的。它已经包含在android中。下面是一个简单的例子，说明如何使用它来执行HTTP Post。
public void postData() {
// Create a new HttpClient and Post Header
HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost("http://www.yoursite.com/script.php");
try {
// Add your data
List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(2);
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("id", "12345"));
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("stringdata", "Hi"));
httppost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs));
// Execute HTTP Post Request
HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
}
}
其他回答
我在这个视频教程中找到了这个有用的例子。
连接器类:
package com.tutorials.hp.mysqlinsert;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
/**
* Created by Oclemmy on 3/31/2016 for ProgrammingWizards Channel.
*/
public class Connector {
/*
1.SHALL HELP US ESTABLISH A CONNECTION TO THE NETWORK
2. WE ARE MAKING A POST REQUEST
*/
public static HttpURLConnection connect(String urlAddress) {
try
{
URL url=new URL(urlAddress);
HttpURLConnection con= (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
//SET PROPERTIES
con.setRequestMethod("POST");
con.setConnectTimeout(20000);
con.setReadTimeout(20000);
con.setDoInput(true);
con.setDoOutput(true);
//RETURN
return con;
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}
DataPackager经济舱:
package com.tutorials.hp.mysqlinsert;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.Iterator;
/**
* Created by Oclemmy on 3/31/2016 for ProgrammingWizards Channel.
* 1.BASICALLY PACKS DATA WE WANNA SEND
*/
public class DataPackager {
String name,position,team;
/*
SECTION 1.RECEIVE ALL DATA WE WANNA SEND
*/
public DataPackager(String name, String position, String team) {
this.name = name;
this.position = position;
this.team = team;
}
/*
SECTION 2
1.PACK THEM INTO A JSON OBJECT
2. READ ALL THIS DATA AND ENCODE IT INTO A FROMAT THAT CAN BE SENT VIA NETWORK
*/
public String packData()
{
JSONObject jo=new JSONObject();
StringBuffer packedData=new StringBuffer();
try
{
jo.put("Name",name);
jo.put("Position",position);
jo.put("Team",team);
Boolean firstValue=true;
Iterator it=jo.keys();
do {
String key=it.next().toString();
String value=jo.get(key).toString();
if(firstValue)
{
firstValue=false;
}else
{
packedData.append("&");
}
packedData.append(URLEncoder.encode(key,"UTF-8"));
packedData.append("=");
packedData.append(URLEncoder.encode(value,"UTF-8"));
}while (it.hasNext());
return packedData.toString();
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}
电视台经济舱:
package com.tutorials.hp.mysqlinsert;
import android.app.ProgressDialog;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
/**
* Created by Oclemmy on 3/31/2016 for ProgrammingWizards Channel and Camposha.com.
* 1.SEND DATA FROM EDITTEXT OVER THE NETWORK
* 2.DO IT IN BACKGROUND THREAD
* 3.READ RESPONSE FROM A SERVER
*/
public class Sender extends AsyncTask<Void,Void,String> {
Context c;
String urlAddress;
EditText nameTxt,posTxt,teamTxt;
String name,pos,team;
ProgressDialog pd;
/*
1.OUR CONSTRUCTOR
2.RECEIVE CONTEXT,URL ADDRESS AND EDITTEXTS FROM OUR MAINACTIVITY
*/
public Sender(Context c, String urlAddress,EditText...editTexts) {
this.c = c;
this.urlAddress = urlAddress;
//INPUT EDITTEXTS
this.nameTxt=editTexts[0];
this.posTxt=editTexts[1];
this.teamTxt=editTexts[2];
//GET TEXTS FROM EDITEXTS
name=nameTxt.getText().toString();
pos=posTxt.getText().toString();
team=teamTxt.getText().toString();
}
/*
1.SHOW PROGRESS DIALOG WHILE DOWNLOADING DATA
*/
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
super.onPreExecute();
pd=new ProgressDialog(c);
pd.setTitle("Send");
pd.setMessage("Sending..Please wait");
pd.show();
}
/*
1.WHERE WE SEND DATA TO NETWORK
2.RETURNS FOR US A STRING
*/
@Override
protected String doInBackground(Void... params) {
return this.send();
}
/*
1. CALLED WHEN JOB IS OVER
2. WE DISMISS OUR PD
3.RECEIVE A STRING FROM DOINBACKGROUND
*/
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String response) {
super.onPostExecute(response);
pd.dismiss();
if(response != null)
{
//SUCCESS
Toast.makeText(c,response,Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
nameTxt.setText("");
posTxt.setText("");
teamTxt.setText("");
}else
{
//NO SUCCESS
Toast.makeText(c,"Unsuccessful "+response,Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
/*
SEND DATA OVER THE NETWORK
RECEIVE AND RETURN A RESPONSE
*/
private String send()
{
//CONNECT
HttpURLConnection con=Connector.connect(urlAddress);
if(con==null)
{
return null;
}
try
{
OutputStream os=con.getOutputStream();
//WRITE
BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(os,"UTF-8"));
bw.write(new DataPackager(name,pos,team).packData());
bw.flush();
//RELEASE RES
bw.close();
os.close();
//HAS IT BEEN SUCCESSFUL?
int responseCode=con.getResponseCode();
if(responseCode==con.HTTP_OK)
{
//GET EXACT RESPONSE
BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream()));
StringBuffer response=new StringBuffer();
String line;
//READ LINE BY LINE
while ((line=br.readLine()) != null)
{
response.append(line);
}
//RELEASE RES
br.close();
return response.toString();
}else
{
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}
MainActivity:
package com.tutorials.hp.mysqlinsert;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
/*
1.OUR LAUNCHER ACTIVITY
2.INITIALIZE SOME UI STUFF
3.WE START SENDER ON BUTTON CLICK
*/
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
String urlAddress="http://10.0.2.2/android/poster.php";
EditText nameTxt,posTxt,teamTxt;
Button saveBtn;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Toolbar toolbar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
setSupportActionBar(toolbar);
//INITIALIZE UI FIELDS
nameTxt= (EditText) findViewById(R.id.nameEditTxt);
posTxt= (EditText) findViewById(R.id.posEditTxt);
teamTxt= (EditText) findViewById(R.id.teamEditTxt);
saveBtn= (Button) findViewById(R.id.saveBtn);
saveBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
//START ASYNC TASK
Sender s=new Sender(MainActivity.this,urlAddress,nameTxt,posTxt,teamTxt);
s.execute();
}
});
}
}
ContentMain.xml:
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
app:layout_behavior="@string/appbar_scrolling_view_behavior"
tools:context="com.tutorials.hp.mysqlinsert.MainActivity"
tools:showIn="@layout/activity_main">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Hello World!" />
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_marginTop="?attr/actionBarSize"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:paddingLeft="15dp"
android:paddingRight="15dp"
android:paddingTop="50dp">
<android.support.design.widget.TextInputLayout
android:id="@+id/nameLayout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<EditText
android:id="@+id/nameEditTxt"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:singleLine="true"
android:hint= "Name" />
</android.support.design.widget.TextInputLayout>
<android.support.design.widget.TextInputLayout
android:id="@+id/teamLayout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<EditText
android:id="@+id/teamEditTxt"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="Description" />
</android.support.design.widget.TextInputLayout>
<android.support.design.widget.TextInputLayout
android:id="@+id/posLayout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<EditText
android:id="@+id/posEditTxt"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="Position" />
<!--android:inputType="textPassword"-->
</android.support.design.widget.TextInputLayout>
<Button android:id="@+id/saveBtn"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Save"
android:clickable="true"
android:background="@color/colorAccent"
android:layout_marginTop="40dp"
android:textColor="@android:color/white"/>
</LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>
您可以使用WebServer类POST一个HttpRequest，并在其侦听器接口中跟踪响应。
WebServer server=new WebServer(getApplicationContext());
server.setOnServerStatusListner(new WebServer.OnServerStatusListner() {
@Override
public void onServerResponded(String responce) {
}
@Override
public void onServerRevoked() {
}
});
现在创建一个DataRack来绑定数据
List<DataRack> racks=new ArrayList<DataRack>();
racks.add(new DataRack("name","Simon"));
racks.add(new DataRack("age","40"));
racks.add(new DataRack("location","Canada"));
现在只需发送带有该机架的POST请求
server.connectWithPOST(MainActivity.this,"http://sangeethnandakumar.esy.es/PROJECTS/PUBLIC_SERVICE/posttest.php",racks);
你需要包括我的库。文件在这里
注(2020年10月):以下答案中使用的AsyncTask已在Android API级别30中弃用。有关更新的示例，请参考官方文档或本博客文章
更新(2017年6月)答案，适用于Android 6.0+。感谢@Rohit Suthar， @Tamis Bolvari和@sudhiskr的评论。
public class CallAPI extends AsyncTask<String, String, String> {
public CallAPI(){
//set context variables if required
}
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
super.onPreExecute();
}
@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
String urlString = params[0]; // URL to call
String data = params[1]; //data to post
OutputStream out = null;
try {
URL url = new URL(urlString);
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
out = new BufferedOutputStream(urlConnection.getOutputStream());
BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(out, "UTF-8"));
writer.write(data);
writer.flush();
writer.close();
out.close();
urlConnection.connect();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
}
引用:
https://developer.android.com/reference/java/net/HttpURLConnection.html 如何使用NameValuePair使用POST添加参数到HttpURLConnection
原答案(2010年5月)
注意:此解决方案已过时。它只能在5.1版本以下的安卓设备上运行。Android 6.0及以上版本不包括本回答中使用的Apache http客户端。
来自Apache Commons的Http Client是可行的。它已经包含在android中。下面是一个简单的例子，说明如何使用它来执行HTTP Post。
public void postData() {
// Create a new HttpClient and Post Header
HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost("http://www.yoursite.com/script.php");
try {
// Add your data
List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(2);
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("id", "12345"));
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("stringdata", "Hi"));
httppost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs));
// Execute HTTP Post Request
HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
}
}
最好使用Apache Commons HttpClient，它已经包含在android中了。 看一看 Android开发人员:Apache HTTP客户端包摘要 一般API信息。
下面的方法适用于最新的Android库和使用okhttp。
OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
RequestBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder()
.add("key1", "value1")
.add("key2", "value2") //optional
.add("key3", "value3") //optional
.add("key4", "value4") //optional
.build();
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url("http://.....") //URL
.post(formBody)
.build();
client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
@Override
public void onFailure(@NonNull Call call, @NonNull IOException e) {
e.getStackTrace();
}
@Override
public void onResponse(@NonNull Call call, @NonNull Response response) throws IOException {
if(response.isSuccessful()){
ResponseBody responseBody = response.body();
Log.e("TAG_", responseBody.string());
}
}
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