我最近遇到了一个类似的问题，我提出的解决方案使用__getattr__和__setattr__为我想要它处理的属性，其他一切都传递给原始。

class C(object):
    def __init__(self, properties):
        self.existing = "Still Here"
        self.properties = properties

    def __getattr__(self, name):
        if "properties" in self.__dict__ and name in self.properties:
            return self.properties[name] # Or call a function, etc
        return self.__dict__[name]

    def __setattr__(self, name, value):
        if "properties" in self.__dict__ and name in self.properties:
            self.properties[name] = value
        else:
            self.__dict__[name] = value

if __name__ == "__main__":
    my_properties = {'a':1, 'b':2, 'c':3}
    c = C(my_properties)
    assert c.a == 1
    assert c.existing == "Still Here"
    c.b = 10
    assert c.properties['b'] == 10

为了回答你的问题，你需要一个来自dict的只读属性作为不可变数据源:

目标是创建一个行为类似db结果集的模拟类。 例如，如果一个数据库查询返回一个dict表达式， {'ab':100， 'cd':200}，那么我将看到 > > > dummy.ab One hundred.

我将演示如何使用collections模块中的namedtuple来实现这一点:

import collections

data = {'ab':100, 'cd':200}

def maketuple(d):
    '''given a dict, return a namedtuple'''
    Tup = collections.namedtuple('TupName', d.keys()) # iterkeys in Python2
    return Tup(**d)

dummy = maketuple(data)
dummy.ab

返回100

如果需求是基于某些实例属性动态生成属性，那么下面的代码可能会有用:

import random  

class Foo:
    def __init__(self, prop_names: List[str], should_property_be_zero: bool = False) -> None:
        self.prop_names = prop_names
        self.should_property_be_zero = should_property_be_zero
        
    def create_properties(self):
        for name in self.prop_names:
            setattr(self.__class__, name, property(fget=lambda self: 0 if self.should_property_be_zero else random.randint(1, 100)))

需要注意的重要一点是使用setattr(self。__class__进行名称,…),而不是setattr(自我、名称…)

使用的例子:

In [261]: prop_names = ['a', 'b']

In [262]: ff = Foo(prop_names=prop_names, should_property_be_zero=False)

In [263]: ff.create_properties()

In [264]: ff.a
Out[264]: 10

In [265]: ff.b
Out[265]: 37

In [266]: ft = Foo(prop_names=prop_names, should_property_be_zero=True)

In [267]: ft.create_properties()

In [268]: ft.a
Out[268]: 0

In [269]: ft.b
Out[269]: 0

设置属性将引发AttributeError:不能按预期设置属性:

In [270]: ff.a = 5
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
AttributeError                            Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-270-5f9cad5b617d> in <module>
----> 1 ff.a = 5

AttributeError: can't set attribute

In [271]: ft.a = 5
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
AttributeError                            Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-271-65e7b8e25b67> in <module>
----> 1 ft.a = 5

AttributeError: can't set attribute

对我有用的是:

class C:
    def __init__(self):
        self._x=None

    def g(self):
        return self._x

    def s(self, x):
        self._x = x

    def d(self):
        del self._x

    def s2(self,x):
        self._x=x+x

    x=property(g,s,d)


c = C()
c.x="a"
print(c.x)

C.x=property(C.g, C.s2)
C.x=C.x.deleter(C.d)
c2 = C()
c2.x="a"
print(c2.x)

输出

a
aa

这和OP想要的有点不同，但我绞尽脑汁，直到我得到了一个可行的解决方案，所以我把它放在这里给下一个男人/女孩

我需要一种方法来指定动态setter和getter。

class X:
    def __init__(self, a=0, b=0, c=0):
        self.a = a
        self.b = b
        self.c = c

    @classmethod
    def _make_properties(cls, field_name, inc):
        _inc = inc

        def _get_properties(self):
            if not hasattr(self, '_%s_inc' % field_name):
                setattr(self, '_%s_inc' % field_name, _inc)
                inc = _inc
            else:
                inc = getattr(self, '_%s_inc' % field_name)

            return getattr(self, field_name) + inc

        def _set_properties(self, value):
            setattr(self, '_%s_inc' % field_name, value)

        return property(_get_properties, _set_properties)

我知道我的字段提前，所以我要创建我的属性。注意:你不能在每个实例中这样做，这些属性将存在于类中!!

for inc, field in enumerate(['a', 'b', 'c']):
    setattr(X, '%s_summed' % field, X._make_properties(field, inc))

现在让我们来测试一下。

x = X()
assert x.a == 0
assert x.b == 0
assert x.c == 0

assert x.a_summed == 0  # enumerate() set inc to 0 + 0 = 0
assert x.b_summed == 1  # enumerate() set inc to 1 + 0 = 1
assert x.c_summed == 2  # enumerate() set inc to 2 + 0 = 2

# we set the variables to something
x.a = 1
x.b = 2
x.c = 3

assert x.a_summed == 1  # enumerate() set inc to 0 + 1 = 1
assert x.b_summed == 3  # enumerate() set inc to 1 + 2 = 3
assert x.c_summed == 5  # enumerate() set inc to 2 + 3 = 5

# we're changing the inc now
x.a_summed = 1 
x.b_summed = 3 
x.c_summed = 5

assert x.a_summed == 2  # we set inc to 1 + the property was 1 = 2
assert x.b_summed == 5  # we set inc to 3 + the property was 2 = 5
assert x.c_summed == 8  # we set inc to 5 + the property was 3 = 8

会让人困惑吗?是的，很抱歉我无法举出任何有意义的现实例子。另外，这也不适合轻松的人。

这似乎是可行的(但见下文):

class data(dict,object):
    def __init__(self,*args,**argd):
        dict.__init__(self,*args,**argd)
        self.__dict__.update(self)
    def __setattr__(self,name,value):
        raise AttributeError,"Attribute '%s' of '%s' object cannot be set"%(name,self.__class__.__name__)
    def __delattr__(self,name):
        raise AttributeError,"Attribute '%s' of '%s' object cannot be deleted"%(name,self.__class__.__name__)

如果您需要更复杂的行为，请随意编辑您的答案。

edit

对于大型数据集，以下方法可能更节省内存:

class data(dict,object):
    def __init__(self,*args,**argd):
        dict.__init__(self,*args,**argd)
    def __getattr__(self,name):
        return self[name]
    def __setattr__(self,name,value):
        raise AttributeError,"Attribute '%s' of '%s' object cannot be set"%(name,self.__class__.__name__)
    def __delattr__(self,name):
        raise AttributeError,"Attribute '%s' of '%s' object cannot be deleted"%(name,self.__class__.__name__)