我发现有些人似乎认为指定列要花费更长的时间。由于您可以将列列表从对象浏览器拖过来，因此在查询中指定列(如果您有很多列，并且需要花费一些时间将它们放在单独的行上)可能需要额外的一分钟时间。为什么人们认为这很耗时呢?

为了补充其他人所说的，如果您选择的所有列都包含在一个索引中，则结果集将从索引中提取，而不是从SQL中查找其他数据。

记住，如果根据定义有一个内部连接，则不需要所有列，因为连接列中的数据是重复的。

It's not like listing columns in SQl server is hard or even time-consuming. You just drag them over from the object browser (you can get all in one go by dragging from the word columns). To put a permanent performance hit on your system (becasue this can reduce the use of indexes and becasue sending unneeded data over the network is costly) and make it more likely that you will have unexpected problems as the database changes (sometimes columns get added that you do not want the user to see for instance) just to save less than a minute of development time is short-sighted and unprofessional.

到目前为止，这里回答了很多很好的理由，这里还有一个没有被提到的理由。

显式地命名列将帮助您进行后续的维护。在某些情况下，您将进行更改或排除故障，并发现自己在问“这个列到底用在哪里”。

如果显式列出了名称，那么通过所有存储过程、视图等查找对该列的每个引用就很简单了。只需为您的DB模式转储一个CREATE脚本，并在其中进行文本搜索。

明确地定义列，因为SQL Server将不需要对列进行查找来拉出它们。如果定义了列，则SQL可以跳过该步骤。

即使查询不是通过网络发送，SELECT *也是一种糟糕的做法。

Selecting more data than you need makes the query less efficient - the server has to read and transfer extra data, so it takes time and creates unnecessary load on the system (not only the network, as others mentioned, but also disk, CPU etc.). Additionally, the server is unable to optimize the query as well as it might (for example, use covering index for the query). After some time your table structure might change, so SELECT * will return a different set of columns. So, your application might get a dataset of unexpected structure and break somewhere downstream. Explicitly stating the columns guarantees that you either get a dataset of known structure, or get a clear error on the database level (like 'column not found').

当然，对于一个小而简单的系统来说，所有这些都不太重要。