如果我像这样编码一个字符串:

var escapedString = originalString.stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)

它没有逃脱斜杠/。

我搜索并找到了这段Objective C代码:

NSString *encodedString = (NSString *)CFURLCreateStringByAddingPercentEscapes(
                        NULL,
                        (CFStringRef)unencodedString,
                        NULL,
                        (CFStringRef)@"!*'();:@&=+$,/?%#[]",
                        kCFStringEncodingUTF8 );

是否有一个更简单的方法来编码一个URL,如果没有,我怎么写在Swift?


当前回答

斯威夫特5:

extension String {
    var urlEncoded: String? {
        let allowedCharacterSet = CharacterSet.alphanumerics.union(CharacterSet(charactersIn: "~-_."))
        return self.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: allowedCharacterSet)
    }
}

print("\u{48}ello\u{9}world\u{7}\u{0}".urlEncoded!) // prints Hello%09world%07%00
print("The string ü@foo-bar".urlEncoded!) // prints The%20string%20%C3%BC%40foo-bar


其他回答

这些答案对我都没用。当url包含非英语字符时,我们的应用程序崩溃了。

 let unreserved = "-._~/?%$!:"
 let allowed = NSMutableCharacterSet.alphanumeric()
     allowed.addCharacters(in: unreserved)

 let escapedString = urlString.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: allowed as CharacterSet)

根据您要做的事情的参数,您可能只想创建自己的字符集。上面允许使用英文字符,并且-._~/?%$!:

斯威夫特5 你可以尝试.afURLQueryAllowed选项,如果你想编码字符串如下

let testString = "6hAD9/RjY+SnGm&B"
let escodedString = testString.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .afURLQueryAllowed)
print(escodedString!) 

//编码后的字符串将像en6hAD9%2FRjY%2BSnGm%26B

让Url = Url。加德林编。“”)

Swift 4 & 5

要在URL中编码参数,我发现使用. alphanumics字符集是最简单的选择:

let urlEncoded = value.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .alphanumerics)
let url = "http://www.example.com/?name=\(urlEncoded!)"

使用URL编码的任何标准字符集(如. urlqueryallowed或. urlhostallowed)都不起作用,因为它们不排除=或&字符。

注意,通过使用. alphannumeric,它将编码一些不需要编码的字符(如-,.,_或~ -参见2.3。RFC 3986中的非保留字符)。我发现使用. alphanumics比构造一个自定义字符集更简单,并且不介意编码一些额外的字符。如果这困扰你,构造一个自定义字符集,如描述如何百分比编码URL字符串,例如:

// Store allowed character set for reuse (computed lazily).
private let urlAllowed: CharacterSet =
    .alphanumerics.union(.init(charactersIn: "-._~")) // as per RFC 3986

extension String {
    var urlEncoded: String? {
        return addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: urlAllowed)
    }
}

let url = "http://www.example.com/?name=\(value.urlEncoded!)"

警告:urlEncoded参数是强制打开的。对于无效的unicode字符串,它可能会崩溃。参见为什么String.addingPercentEncoding()的返回值是可选的?而不是强制展开urlEncoded!你可以使用urlEncoded ??或者if let urlEncoded = urlEncoded{…}。

帮助我的是,我创建了一个单独的NSCharacterSet,并在一个UTF-8编码的字符串上使用它,即textToEncode来生成所需的结果:

var queryCharSet = NSCharacterSet.urlQueryAllowed
queryCharSet.remove(charactersIn: "+&?,:;@+=$*()")
    
let utfedCharacterSet = String(utf8String: textToEncode.cString(using: .utf8)!)!
let encodedStr = utfedCharacterSet.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: queryCharSet)!
    
let paramUrl = "https://api.abc.eu/api/search?device=true&query=\(escapedStr)"