如果我像这样编码一个字符串:
var escapedString = originalString.stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)
它没有逃脱斜杠/。
我搜索并找到了这段Objective C代码:
NSString *encodedString = (NSString *)CFURLCreateStringByAddingPercentEscapes(
NULL,
(CFStringRef)unencodedString,
NULL,
(CFStringRef)@"!*'();:@&=+$,/?%#[]",
kCFStringEncodingUTF8 );
是否有一个更简单的方法来编码一个URL，如果没有，我怎么写在Swift?
当前回答
帮助我的是，我创建了一个单独的NSCharacterSet，并在一个UTF-8编码的字符串上使用它，即textToEncode来生成所需的结果:
var queryCharSet = NSCharacterSet.urlQueryAllowed
queryCharSet.remove(charactersIn: "+&?,:;@+=$*()")
let utfedCharacterSet = String(utf8String: textToEncode.cString(using: .utf8)!)!
let encodedStr = utfedCharacterSet.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: queryCharSet)!
let paramUrl = "https://api.abc.eu/api/search?device=true&query=\(escapedStr)"
其他回答
斯威夫特5 你可以尝试.afURLQueryAllowed选项，如果你想编码字符串如下
let testString = "6hAD9/RjY+SnGm&B"
let escodedString = testString.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .afURLQueryAllowed)
print(escodedString!)
//编码后的字符串将像en6hAD9%2FRjY%2BSnGm%26B
Swift 4 & 5
要在URL中编码参数，我发现使用. alphanumics字符集是最简单的选择:
let urlEncoded = value.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .alphanumerics)
let url = "http://www.example.com/?name=\(urlEncoded!)"
使用URL编码的任何标准字符集(如. urlqueryallowed或. urlhostallowed)都不起作用，因为它们不排除=或&字符。
注意，通过使用. alphannumeric，它将编码一些不需要编码的字符(如-，.，_或~ -参见2.3。RFC 3986中的非保留字符)。我发现使用. alphanumics比构造一个自定义字符集更简单，并且不介意编码一些额外的字符。如果这困扰你，构造一个自定义字符集，如描述如何百分比编码URL字符串，例如:
// Store allowed character set for reuse (computed lazily).
private let urlAllowed: CharacterSet =
.alphanumerics.union(.init(charactersIn: "-._~")) // as per RFC 3986
extension String {
var urlEncoded: String? {
return addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: urlAllowed)
}
}
let url = "http://www.example.com/?name=\(value.urlEncoded!)"
警告:urlEncoded参数是强制打开的。对于无效的unicode字符串，它可能会崩溃。参见为什么String.addingPercentEncoding()的返回值是可选的?而不是强制展开urlEncoded!你可以使用urlEncoded ??或者if let urlEncoded = urlEncoded{…}。
这些答案对我都没用。当url包含非英语字符时，我们的应用程序崩溃了。
let unreserved = "-._~/?%$!:"
let allowed = NSMutableCharacterSet.alphanumeric()
allowed.addCharacters(in: unreserved)
let escapedString = urlString.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: allowed as CharacterSet)
根据您要做的事情的参数，您可能只想创建自己的字符集。上面允许使用英文字符，并且-._~/?%$!：
对于Swift 5到endcode字符串
func escape(string: String) -> String {
let allowedCharacters = string.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: CharacterSet(charactersIn: ":=\"#%/<>?@\\^`{|}").inverted) ?? ""
return allowedCharacters
}
如何使用?
let strEncoded = self.escape(string: "http://www.edamam.com/ontologies/edamam.owl#recipe_e2a1b9bf2d996cbd9875b80612ed9aa4")
print("escapedString: \(strEncoded)")
斯威夫特3:
let originalString = "http://www.ihtc.cc?name=htc&title=iOS开发工程师"
1. encodingQuery:
let escapedString = originalString.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters:NSCharacterSet.urlQueryAllowed)
结果:
"http://www.ihtc.cc?name=htc&title=iOS%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%88"
2. 编码网址：
let escapedString = originalString.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlHostAllowed)
结果:
"http:%2F%2Fwww.ihtc.cc%3Fname=htc&title=iOS%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%88"
