如果我像这样编码一个字符串:

var escapedString = originalString.stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)

它没有逃脱斜杠/。

我搜索并找到了这段Objective C代码:

NSString *encodedString = (NSString *)CFURLCreateStringByAddingPercentEscapes(
                        NULL,
                        (CFStringRef)unencodedString,
                        NULL,
                        (CFStringRef)@"!*'();:@&=+$,/?%#[]",
                        kCFStringEncodingUTF8 );

是否有一个更简单的方法来编码一个URL,如果没有,我怎么写在Swift?


当前回答

你可以使用URLComponents来避免手动对查询字符串进行百分比编码:

let scheme = "https"
let host = "www.google.com"
let path = "/search"
let queryItem = URLQueryItem(name: "q", value: "Formula One")


var urlComponents = URLComponents()
urlComponents.scheme = scheme
urlComponents.host = host
urlComponents.path = path
urlComponents.queryItems = [queryItem]

if let url = urlComponents.url {
    print(url)   // "https://www.google.com/search?q=Formula%20One"
}

extension URLComponents {
    init(scheme: String = "https",
         host: String = "www.google.com",
         path: String = "/search",
         queryItems: [URLQueryItem]) {
        self.init()
        self.scheme = scheme
        self.host = host
        self.path = path
        self.queryItems = queryItems
    }
}

let query = "Formula One"
if let url = URLComponents(queryItems: [URLQueryItem(name: "q", value: query)]).url {
    print(url)  // https://www.google.com/search?q=Formula%20One
}

其他回答

帮助我的是,我创建了一个单独的NSCharacterSet,并在一个UTF-8编码的字符串上使用它,即textToEncode来生成所需的结果:

var queryCharSet = NSCharacterSet.urlQueryAllowed
queryCharSet.remove(charactersIn: "+&?,:;@+=$*()")
    
let utfedCharacterSet = String(utf8String: textToEncode.cString(using: .utf8)!)!
let encodedStr = utfedCharacterSet.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: queryCharSet)!
    
let paramUrl = "https://api.abc.eu/api/search?device=true&query=\(escapedStr)"

斯威夫特3:

let originalString = "http://www.ihtc.cc?name=htc&title=iOS开发工程师"

1. encodingQuery:

let escapedString = originalString.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters:NSCharacterSet.urlQueryAllowed)

结果:

"http://www.ihtc.cc?name=htc&title=iOS%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%88" 

2. 编码网址:

let escapedString = originalString.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlHostAllowed)

结果:

"http:%2F%2Fwww.ihtc.cc%3Fname=htc&title=iOS%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%88"

一切都是一样的

var str = CFURLCreateStringByAddingPercentEscapes(
    nil,
    "test/test",
    nil,
    "!*'();:@&=+$,/?%#[]",
    CFStringBuiltInEncodings.UTF8.rawValue
)

// test%2Ftest

版本:斯威夫特5

// space convert to +
let mstring = string.replacingOccurrences(of: " ", with: "+")
// remove special character
var allowedQueryParamAndKey = NSCharacterSet.urlQueryAllowed
allowedQueryParamAndKey.remove(charactersIn: "!*'\"();:@&=+$,/?%#[]%")
return mstring.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: allowedQueryParamAndKey) ?? mstring  

这些答案对我都没用。当url包含非英语字符时,我们的应用程序崩溃了。

 let unreserved = "-._~/?%$!:"
 let allowed = NSMutableCharacterSet.alphanumeric()
     allowed.addCharacters(in: unreserved)

 let escapedString = urlString.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: allowed as CharacterSet)

根据您要做的事情的参数,您可能只想创建自己的字符集。上面允许使用英文字符,并且-._~/?%$!: