如果我像这样编码一个字符串:

var escapedString = originalString.stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)

它没有逃脱斜杠/。

我搜索并找到了这段Objective C代码:

NSString *encodedString = (NSString *)CFURLCreateStringByAddingPercentEscapes(
                        NULL,
                        (CFStringRef)unencodedString,
                        NULL,
                        (CFStringRef)@"!*'();:@&=+$,/?%#[]",
                        kCFStringEncodingUTF8 );

是否有一个更简单的方法来编码一个URL,如果没有,我怎么写在Swift?


当前回答

这个对我有用。

func stringByAddingPercentEncodingForFormData(plusForSpace: Bool=false) -> String? {

    let unreserved = "*-._"
    let allowed = NSMutableCharacterSet.alphanumericCharacterSet()
    allowed.addCharactersInString(unreserved)

    if plusForSpace {
        allowed.addCharactersInString(" ")
    }

    var encoded = stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters(allowed)

    if plusForSpace {
        encoded = encoded?.stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString(" ", withString: "+")
    }
    return encoded
}

我发现上述功能从这个链接:http://useyourloaf.com/blog/how-to-percent-encode-a-url-string/。

其他回答

Swift 4和5(谢谢@sumizome的建议。感谢@FD_和@derickito的测试)

var allowedQueryParamAndKey = NSCharacterSet.urlQueryAllowed
allowedQueryParamAndKey.remove(charactersIn: ";/?:@&=+$, ")
paramOrKey.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: allowedQueryParamAndKey)

斯威夫特3

let allowedQueryParamAndKey =  NSCharacterSet.urlQueryAllowed.remove(charactersIn: ";/?:@&=+$, ")
paramOrKey.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: allowedQueryParamAndKey)

Swift 2.2(借用Zaph's,修正url查询键和参数值)

var allowedQueryParamAndKey =  NSCharacterSet(charactersInString: ";/?:@&=+$, ").invertedSet
paramOrKey.stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters(allowedQueryParamAndKey)

例子:

let paramOrKey = "https://some.website.com/path/to/page.srf?a=1&b=2#top"
paramOrKey.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: allowedQueryParamAndKey)
// produces:
"https%3A%2F%2Fsome.website.com%2Fpath%2Fto%2Fpage.srf%3Fa%3D1%26b%3D2%23top"

以下是陈布莱恩回答的一个简短版本。我猜urlQueryAllowed允许控制字符通过,这很好,除非它们在查询字符串中形成键或值的一部分,在这一点上它们需要转义。

让Url = Url。加德林编。“”)

这些答案对我都没用。当url包含非英语字符时,我们的应用程序崩溃了。

 let unreserved = "-._~/?%$!:"
 let allowed = NSMutableCharacterSet.alphanumeric()
     allowed.addCharacters(in: unreserved)

 let escapedString = urlString.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: allowed as CharacterSet)

根据您要做的事情的参数,您可能只想创建自己的字符集。上面允许使用英文字符,并且-._~/?%$!:

帮助我的是,我创建了一个单独的NSCharacterSet,并在一个UTF-8编码的字符串上使用它,即textToEncode来生成所需的结果:

var queryCharSet = NSCharacterSet.urlQueryAllowed
queryCharSet.remove(charactersIn: "+&?,:;@+=$*()")
    
let utfedCharacterSet = String(utf8String: textToEncode.cString(using: .utf8)!)!
let encodedStr = utfedCharacterSet.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: queryCharSet)!
    
let paramUrl = "https://api.abc.eu/api/search?device=true&query=\(escapedStr)"

这个对我有用。

func stringByAddingPercentEncodingForFormData(plusForSpace: Bool=false) -> String? {

    let unreserved = "*-._"
    let allowed = NSMutableCharacterSet.alphanumericCharacterSet()
    allowed.addCharactersInString(unreserved)

    if plusForSpace {
        allowed.addCharactersInString(" ")
    }

    var encoded = stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters(allowed)

    if plusForSpace {
        encoded = encoded?.stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString(" ", withString: "+")
    }
    return encoded
}

我发现上述功能从这个链接:http://useyourloaf.com/blog/how-to-percent-encode-a-url-string/。