如果我像这样编码一个字符串:

var escapedString = originalString.stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)

它没有逃脱斜杠/。

我搜索并找到了这段Objective C代码:

NSString *encodedString = (NSString *)CFURLCreateStringByAddingPercentEscapes(
                        NULL,
                        (CFStringRef)unencodedString,
                        NULL,
                        (CFStringRef)@"!*'();:@&=+$,/?%#[]",
                        kCFStringEncodingUTF8 );

是否有一个更简单的方法来编码一个URL,如果没有,我怎么写在Swift?


当前回答

版本:斯威夫特5

// space convert to +
let mstring = string.replacingOccurrences(of: " ", with: "+")
// remove special character
var allowedQueryParamAndKey = NSCharacterSet.urlQueryAllowed
allowedQueryParamAndKey.remove(charactersIn: "!*'\"();:@&=+$,/?%#[]%")
return mstring.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: allowedQueryParamAndKey) ?? mstring  

其他回答

这些答案对我都没用。当url包含非英语字符时,我们的应用程序崩溃了。

 let unreserved = "-._~/?%$!:"
 let allowed = NSMutableCharacterSet.alphanumeric()
     allowed.addCharacters(in: unreserved)

 let escapedString = urlString.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: allowed as CharacterSet)

根据您要做的事情的参数,您可能只想创建自己的字符集。上面允许使用英文字符,并且-._~/?%$!:

我自己也需要这个,所以我写了一个字符串扩展,既允许URLEncoding字符串,以及更常见的最终目标,将参数字典转换为“GET”风格的URL参数:

extension String {
    func URLEncodedString() -> String? {
        var escapedString = self.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlHostAllowed)
        return escapedString
    }
    static func queryStringFromParameters(parameters: Dictionary<String,String>) -> String? {
        if (parameters.count == 0)
        {
            return nil
        }
        var queryString : String? = nil
        for (key, value) in parameters {
            if let encodedKey = key.URLEncodedString() {
                if let encodedValue = value.URLEncodedString() {
                    if queryString == nil
                    {
                        queryString = "?"
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        queryString! += "&"
                    }
                    queryString! += encodedKey + "=" + encodedValue
                }
            }
        }
        return queryString
    }
}

享受吧!

版本:斯威夫特5

// space convert to +
let mstring = string.replacingOccurrences(of: " ", with: "+")
// remove special character
var allowedQueryParamAndKey = NSCharacterSet.urlQueryAllowed
allowedQueryParamAndKey.remove(charactersIn: "!*'\"();:@&=+$,/?%#[]%")
return mstring.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: allowedQueryParamAndKey) ?? mstring  

一切都是一样的

var str = CFURLCreateStringByAddingPercentEscapes(
    nil,
    "test/test",
    nil,
    "!*'();:@&=+$,/?%#[]",
    CFStringBuiltInEncodings.UTF8.rawValue
)

// test%2Ftest

你可以使用URLComponents来避免手动对查询字符串进行百分比编码:

let scheme = "https"
let host = "www.google.com"
let path = "/search"
let queryItem = URLQueryItem(name: "q", value: "Formula One")


var urlComponents = URLComponents()
urlComponents.scheme = scheme
urlComponents.host = host
urlComponents.path = path
urlComponents.queryItems = [queryItem]

if let url = urlComponents.url {
    print(url)   // "https://www.google.com/search?q=Formula%20One"
}

extension URLComponents {
    init(scheme: String = "https",
         host: String = "www.google.com",
         path: String = "/search",
         queryItems: [URLQueryItem]) {
        self.init()
        self.scheme = scheme
        self.host = host
        self.path = path
        self.queryItems = queryItems
    }
}

let query = "Formula One"
if let url = URLComponents(queryItems: [URLQueryItem(name: "q", value: query)]).url {
    print(url)  // https://www.google.com/search?q=Formula%20One
}