试一试 print(帮助(名称)) 它输出类的方法

这也是可行的:

在mymodule.py:

def foo(x):
   return 'foo'
def bar():
   return 'bar'

在另一个文件中:

import inspect
import mymodule
method_list = [ func[0] for func in inspect.getmembers(mymodule, predicate=inspect.isroutine) if callable(getattr(mymodule, func[0])) ]

输出:

(“foo”、“酒吧”)

来自Python文档:

inspect.isroutine(object)

如果对象是用户定义的或内置的函数或方法，则返回true。

For my use case, I needed to distinguish between class methods, static methods, properties, and instance methods. The inspect module confuses the issue a bit (particularly with class methods and instance methods), so I used vars based on a comment on this SO question. The basic gist is to use vars to get the __dict__ attribute of the class, then filter based on various isinstance checks. For instance methods, I check that it is callable and not a class method. One caveat: this approach of using vars (or __dict__ for that matter) won't work with __slots__. Using Python 3.6.9 (because it's what the Docker image I'm using as my interpreter has):

class MethodAnalyzer:

    class_under_test = None

    @classmethod
    def get_static_methods(cls):
        if cls.class_under_test:
            return {
                k for k, v in vars(cls.class_under_test).items()
                if isinstance(v, staticmethod)
            }
        return {}

    @classmethod
    def get_class_methods(cls):
        if cls.class_under_test:
            return {
                k for k, v in vars(cls.class_under_test).items()
                if isinstance(v, classmethod)
            }
        return {}

    @classmethod
    def get_instance_methods(cls):
        if cls.class_under_test:
            return {
                k for k, v in vars(cls.class_under_test).items()
                if callable(v) and not isinstance(v, classmethod)
            }
        return {}

    @classmethod
    def get_properties(cls):
        if cls.class_under_test:
            return {
                k for k, v in vars(cls.class_under_test).items()
                if isinstance(v, property)
            }
        return {}

为了查看它的运行情况，我创建了这个小测试类:

class Foo:

    @staticmethod
    def bar(baz):
        print(baz)

    @property
    def bleep(self):
        return 'bloop'

    @classmethod
    def bork(cls):
        return cls.__name__

    def flank(self):
        return 'on your six'

那时:

MethodAnalyzer.class_under_test = Foo
print(MethodAnalyzer.get_instance_methods())
print(MethodAnalyzer.get_class_methods())
print(MethodAnalyzer.get_static_methods())
print(MethodAnalyzer.get_properties())

的输出

{'flank'}
{'bork'}
{'bar'}
{'bleep'}

在这个例子中，我放弃了实际的方法，但如果你需要保留它们，你可以使用字典理解式而不是集合理解式:

{
    k, v for k, v in vars(cls.class_under_test).items()
    if callable(v) and not isinstance(v, classmethod)
}

就像这样

pprint.pprint([x for x in dir(list) if not x.startswith("_")])

你也可以从types中导入FunctionType并使用类测试它。__dict__:

from types import FunctionType

class Foo:
    def bar(self): pass
    def baz(self): pass

def methods(cls):
    return [x for x, y in cls.__dict__.items() if type(y) == FunctionType]

methods(Foo)  # ['bar', 'baz']

要生成一个方法列表，请将方法名称放在一个列表中，不使用通常的括号。删除名称并附加圆括号，这将调用该方法。

    def methodA():
        print("@ MethodA")

    def methodB():
        print("@ methodB")

    a = []
    a.append(methodA)
    a.append(methodB)
    for item in a:
        item()