给定一个位置的经度和纬度,如何知道该位置的有效时区?
在大多数情况下,我们正在寻找IANA/Olson时区id,尽管有些服务可能只返回UTC偏移量或其他一些时区标识符。详细信息请阅读时区标签信息。
给定一个位置的经度和纬度,如何知道该位置的有效时区?
在大多数情况下,我们正在寻找IANA/Olson时区id,尽管有些服务可能只返回UTC偏移量或其他一些时区标识符。详细信息请阅读时区标签信息。
当前回答
对于我们这些使用Javascript并希望通过谷歌api从邮政编码获取时区的人来说,这里有一个方法。
通过地理定位获取lat/lng 通过这个参数获取时区 进入时区API。 此处使用Luxon进行时区转换。
注意:我的理解是,邮政编码在不同的国家并不是唯一的,所以这可能最适合在美国使用。
const googleMapsClient; // instantiate your client here
const zipcode = '90210'
const myDateThatNeedsTZAdjustment; // define your date that needs adjusting
// fetch lat/lng from google api by zipcode
const geocodeResponse = await googleMapsClient.geocode({ address: zipcode }).asPromise();
if (geocodeResponse.json.status === 'OK') {
lat = geocodeResponse.json.results[0].geometry.location.lat;
lng = geocodeResponse.json.results[0].geometry.location.lng;
} else {
console.log('Geocode was not successful for the following reason: ' + status);
}
// prepare lat/lng and timestamp of profile created_at to fetch time zone
const location = `${lat},${lng}`;
const timestamp = new Date().valueOf() / 1000;
const timezoneResponse = await googleMapsClient
.timezone({ location: location, timestamp: timestamp })
.asPromise();
const timeZoneId = timezoneResponse.json.timeZoneId;
// adjust by setting timezone
const timezoneAdjustedDate = DateTime.fromJSDate(
myDateThatNeedsTZAdjustment
).setZone(timeZoneId);
其他回答
function jsonpRequest(url, data) { let params = ""; for (let key in data) { if (data.hasOwnProperty(key)) { if (params.length == 0) { params += "?"; } else { params += "&"; } let encodedKey = encodeURIComponent(key); let encodedValue = encodeURIComponent(data[key]); params += encodedKey + "=" + encodedValue; } } let script = document.createElement('script'); script.src = url + params; document.body.appendChild(script); } function getLocation() { if (navigator.geolocation) { navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(showPosition); } else { x.innerHTML = "Geolocation is not supported by this browser."; } } let lat_ini=[]; let lon_ini=[]; function showPosition(position) { lat_ini= position.coords.latitude; lon_ini= position.coords.longitude; } ////delay time between lines function sleep(ms) { return new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, ms)); } /////// function getGMT() { getfinalGMT() getLocation() async function sample() { await sleep(2000); let lat_str=lat_ini.toString(); let lng_str=" "+lon_ini.toString(); let url = "https://api.opencagedata.com/geocode/v1/json"; let data = { callback: "displayGMT", q: lat_str + lng_str, key: "fac4471073a347019196c1291e6a97d7" } jsonpRequest(url, data) } sample(); } let your_GMT=[]; function displayGMT(data) { your_GMT=(Number(data.results[0].annotations.timezone.offset_string)) console.log(your_GMT) } ///// function getfinalGMT() { let lat=document.getElementById("lat_id").value; let lng=document.getElementById("lng_id").value; let lat_str=lat.toString(); let lng_str=" "+lng.toString(); let url = "https://api.opencagedata.com/geocode/v1/json"; let data = { callback: "displayfinalGMT", q: lat + lng_str, key: "fac4471073a347019196c1291e6a97d7" } jsonpRequest(url, data) } let final_GMT=[]; function displayfinalGMT(data) { final_GMT=(Number(data.results[0].annotations.timezone.offset_string)) console.log(final_GMT) } /////clock const hourHand = document.querySelector('[data-hour-hand]') const minuteHand = document.querySelector('[data-minute-hand]') const secondHand = document.querySelector('[data-second-hand]') let dif_overall=[]; function setClock() { let gmt_diff=Number(your_GMT-final_GMT)/100 if (gmt_diff>12){ dif_overall=gmt_diff-12 } else{ dif_overall=gmt_diff } console.log(dif_overall) const currentDate = new Date() const secondsRatio = currentDate.getSeconds() / 60 const minutesRatio = (secondsRatio + currentDate.getMinutes()) / 60 const hoursRatio = (minutesRatio + currentDate.getHours() - dif_overall ) / 12 setRotation(secondHand, secondsRatio) setRotation(minuteHand, minutesRatio) setRotation(hourHand, hoursRatio) } function setRotation(element, rotationRatio) { element.style.setProperty('--rotation', rotationRatio * 360) } function activate_clock(){ setClock() setInterval(setClock, 1000) } *, *::after, *::before { box-sizing: border-box; } body { background: linear-gradient(to right, hsl(200, 100%, 50%), hsl(175, 100%, 50%)); display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; min-height: 100vh; overflow: hidden; } .clock { width: 200px; height: 200px; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .8); border-radius: 50%; border: 2px solid black; position: relative; } .clock .number { --rotation: 0; position: absolute; width: 100%; height: 100%; text-align: center; transform: rotate(var(--rotation)); font-size: 1.5rem; } .clock .number1 { --rotation: 30deg; } .clock .number2 { --rotation: 60deg; } .clock .number3 { --rotation: 90deg; } .clock .number4 { --rotation: 120deg; } .clock .number5 { --rotation: 150deg; } .clock .number6 { --rotation: 180deg; } .clock .number7 { --rotation: 210deg; } .clock .number8 { --rotation: 240deg; } .clock .number9 { --rotation: 270deg; } .clock .number10 { --rotation: 300deg; } .clock .number11 { --rotation: 330deg; } .clock .hand { --rotation: 0; position: absolute; bottom: 50%; left: 50%; border: 1px solid white; border-top-left-radius: 10px; border-top-right-radius: 10px; transform-origin: bottom; z-index: 10; transform: translateX(-50%) rotate(calc(var(--rotation) * 1deg)); } .clock::after { content: ''; position: absolute; background-color: black; z-index: 11; width: 15px; height: 15px; top: 50%; left: 50%; transform: translate(-50%, -50%); border-radius: 50%; } .clock .hand.second { width: 3px; height: 45%; background-color: red; } .clock .hand.minute { width: 7px; height: 40%; background-color: black; } .clock .hand.hour { width: 10px; height: 35%; background-color: black; } /* Background Styles Only */ @import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Raleway'); * { font-family: Raleway; } .side-links { position: absolute; top: 15px; right: 15px; } .side-link { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; text-decoration: none; margin-bottom: 10px; color: white; width: 180px; padding: 10px 0; border-radius: 10px; } .side-link-youtube { background-color: red; } .side-link-twitter { background-color: #1DA1F2; } .side-link-github { background-color: #6e5494; } .side-link-text { margin-left: 10px; font-size: 18px; } .side-link-icon { color: white; font-size: 30px; } <input type="text" id="lat_id" placeholder="lat"><br><br> <input type="text" id="lng_id" placeholder="lng"><br><br> <button class="text" onClick="getLocation()">Location</button> <button class="text" onClick="getGMT()"> GMT</button> <button class="text" onClick="activate_clock()"> Activate</button> <div class="clock"> <div class="hand hour" data-hour-hand></div> <div class="hand minute" data-minute-hand></div> <div class="hand second" data-second-hand></div> <div class="number number1">1</div> <div class="number number2">2</div> <div class="number number3">3</div> <div class="number number4">4</div> <div class="number number5">5</div> <div class="number number6">6</div> <div class="number number7">7</div> <div class="number number8">8</div> <div class="number number9">9</div> <div class="number number10">10</div> <div class="number number11">11</div> <div class="number number12">12</div> </div>
时区位置Web服务
谷歌映射时区API 必应地图时区API Azure地图时区API GeoNames时区API TimeZoneDB API AskGeo -商业(但可以说比GeoNames更准确) 地理车库时区API -商业,专注于航海时区。
原始时区边界数据
Timezone Boundary Builder -从OpenStreetMaps地图数据中构建时区形状文件。包括海岸线附近的领海。
以下项目以前是时区边界数据的来源,但不再积极维护。
tz_world -来自Eric Muller的原始shapefile数据 whereonearth-timezone - GeoJSON版本与WOEDB数据合并
时区地理定位离线实现
使用时区边界生成器数据的实现
node-geo-tz - JavaScript library (Node.js only) timespace - JavaScript library tz-lookup-oss - JavaScript library GeoTimeZone - .NET library Geo-Timezone - PHP library timezonefinder - Python library ZoneDetect - C library Timeshape - Java library TimeZoneMap - Java and Android library lutz - R library go-tz - Go library Timezone lookup - Go library docker-timezone-lookup - docker container wrapping node-geo-tz tzf - Go library tzfpy - Python port of tzf library tzf-rs - Rust port of tzf library
使用较旧的tz_world数据的实现
latlong - Go库(也可以阅读这篇文章)。 TimeZoneMapper - Java库 tzwhere - JavaScript/节点库 pytzwhere - Python库 timezone_finder - Ruby库 LatLongToTimeZone - Java和Swift库 现在几点了?-描述PHP和MongoDB的博客文章 rundel/timezone - R库
调用其中一个web服务的库
timezone -调用GeoNames的Ruby宝石 AskGeo有自己的库,用于从Java或。net进行调用 GeoNames拥有几乎所有东西的客户端库
自托管web服务
geo2tz -基于时区查找,可通过Docker image获得
其他的想法
找到最近有R-Tree的城市 用MySQL找到最近的城市
如果您知道其他名单,请更新此名单
此外,请注意,最近的城市方法可能不会产生“正确”的结果,只是一个近似值。
转换到Windows区域
列出的大多数方法都将返回IANA时区id。如果您需要转换为Windows时区,以便与。net中的TimeZoneInfo类一起使用,请使用TimeZoneConverter库。
不要使用zone.tab
tz数据库包含一个名为zone.tab的文件。该文件主要用于显示时区列表,供用户从中选择。它包括每个时区参考点的纬度和经度坐标。这允许创建一个突出显示这些点的地图。例如,查看moment-timezone主页上显示的交互式地图。
虽然使用这些数据从纬度和经度坐标解析时区可能很诱人,但请考虑这些是点,而不是边界。最好的办法是确定最近的点,但在许多情况下,这并不是正确的点。
考虑下面的例子:
这两个方格表示不同的时区,其中每个方格中的黑点是参考位置,例如在zone.tab中可以找到的位置。蓝点表示我们试图为其寻找时区的位置。显然,这个位置位于左侧的橙色区域内,但如果我们只看距离参考点最近的距离,它将解析为右侧的绿色区域。
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great-circle_distance
下面是一个使用JSON数据的很好的实现: https://github.com/agap/llttz
public TimeZone nearestTimeZone(Location node) {
double bestDistance = Double.MAX_VALUE;
Location bestGuess = timeZones.get(0);
for (Location current : timeZones.subList(1, timeZones.size())) {
double newDistance = distanceInKilometers(node, current);
if (newDistance < bestDistance) {
bestDistance = newDistance;
bestGuess = current;
}
}
return java.util.TimeZone.getTimeZone(bestGuess.getZone());
}
protected double distanceInKilometers(final double latFrom, final double lonFrom, final double latTo, final double lonTo) {
final double meridianLength = 111.1;
return meridianLength * centralAngle(latFrom, lonFrom, latTo, lonTo);
}
protected double centralAngle(final Location from, final Location to) {
return centralAngle(from.getLatitude(), from.getLongitude(), to.getLatitude(), to.getLongitude());
}
protected double centralAngle(final double latFrom, final double lonFrom, final double latTo, final double lonTo) {
final double latFromRad = toRadians(latFrom),
lonFromRad = toRadians(lonFrom),
latToRad = toRadians(latTo),
lonToRad = toRadians(lonTo);
final double centralAngle = toDegrees(acos(sin(latFromRad) * sin(latToRad) + cos(latFromRad) * cos(latToRad) * cos(lonToRad - lonFromRad)));
return centralAngle <= 180.0 ? centralAngle : (360.0 - centralAngle);
}
protected double distanceInKilometers(final Location from, final Location to) {
return distanceInKilometers(from.getLatitude(), from.getLongitude(), to.getLatitude(), to.getLongitude());
}
}
从古比鱼:
import geocoders
g = geocoders.GoogleV3()
place, (lat, lng) = g.geocode('Fairbanks')
print place, (lat, lng)
Fairbanks, AK, USA (64.8377778, -147.7163889)
timezone = g.timezone((lat, lng))
print timezone.dst
美国/安克雷奇。DstTzInfo的dst
美国/主播LMT-1天,STD 1400:00
如果你不想使用web服务,你可以像这样从浏览器中检索信息:
var d = new Date();
var usertime = d.toLocaleString();
//some browsers / OSs provide the timezone name in their local string
var tzsregex = /\b(ACDT|ACST|ACT|ADT|AEDT|AEST|AFT|AKDT|AKST|AMST|AMT|ART|AST|AWDT|AWST|AZOST|AZT|BDT|BIOT|BIT|BOT|BRT|BST|BTT|CAT|CCT|CDT|CEDT|CEST|CET|CHADT|CHAST|CIST|CKT|CLST|CLT|COST|COT|CST|CT|CVT|CXT|CHST|DFT|EAST|EAT|ECT|EDT|EEDT|EEST|EET|EST|FJT|FKST|FKT|GALT|GET|GFT|GILT|GIT|GMT|GST|GYT|HADT|HAEC|HAST|HKT|HMT|HST|ICT|IDT|IRKT|IRST|IST|JST|KRAT|KST|LHST|LINT|MART|MAGT|MDT|MET|MEST|MIT|MSD|MSK|MST|MUT|MYT|NDT|NFT|NPT|NST|NT|NZDT|NZST|OMST|PDT|PETT|PHOT|PKT|PST|RET|SAMT|SAST|SBT|SCT|SGT|SLT|SST|TAHT|THA|UYST|UYT|VET|VLAT|WAT|WEDT|WEST|WET|WST|YAKT|YEKT)\b/gi;
//in other browsers the timezone needs to be estimated based on the offset
var timezonenames = {"UTC+0":"GMT","UTC+1":"CET","UTC+2":"EET","UTC+3":"EEDT","UTC+3.5":"IRST","UTC+4":"MSD","UTC+4.5":"AFT","UTC+5":"PKT","UTC+5.5":"IST","UTC+6":"BST","UTC+6.5":"MST","UTC+7":"THA","UTC+8":"AWST","UTC+9":"AWDT","UTC+9.5":"ACST","UTC+10":"AEST","UTC+10.5":"ACDT","UTC+11":"AEDT","UTC+11.5":"NFT","UTC+12":"NZST","UTC-1":"AZOST","UTC-2":"GST","UTC-3":"BRT","UTC-3.5":"NST","UTC-4":"CLT","UTC-4.5":"VET","UTC-5":"EST","UTC-6":"CST","UTC-7":"MST","UTC-8":"PST","UTC-9":"AKST","UTC-9.5":"MIT","UTC-10":"HST","UTC-11":"SST","UTC-12":"BIT"};
var timezone = usertime.match(tzsregex);
if (timezone) {
timezone = timezone[timezone.length-1];
} else {
var offset = -1*d.getTimezoneOffset()/60;
offset = "UTC" + (offset >= 0 ? "+" + offset : offset);
timezone = timezonenames[offset];
}
//there are 3 variables can use to see the timezone
// usertime - full date
// offset - UTC offset time
// timezone - country
console.log('Full Date: ' + usertime);
console.log('UTC Offset: ' + offset);
console.log('Country Code Timezone: ' + timezone);
在我目前的情况下,它是打印:
日期:“27”/“01”/“2014”:“16”:“53”:“37” UTC偏移量:UTC-3 国家代码时区:BRT
希望对大家有所帮助。