我还有最后一节课，大概是这样的:
public final class RainOnTrees{
public void startRain(){
// some code here
}
}
我在其他一些类中使用这个类，像这样:
public class Seasons{
RainOnTrees rain = new RainOnTrees();
public void findSeasonAndRain(){
rain.startRain();
}
}
在我的JUnit测试类Seasons.java中，我想模拟RainOnTrees类。我怎么能用Mockito做到这一点?
当前回答
是的，同样的问题在这里，我们不能模拟一个最终类与Mockito。准确地说，Mockito不能模仿/监视以下内容:
最后的课程 匿名类 原始类型
但是在我看来，使用包装器类代价很大，所以改用PowerMockito。
其他回答
在某些情况下可能适用的另一种解决方法是创建一个由最终类实现的接口，更改代码以使用该接口而不是具体类，然后模拟该接口。这样可以将契约(接口)与实现(最终类)分离。当然，如果您真正想要的是绑定到最终的类，这将不适用。
为那些在Android + Kotlin上面临相同问题(Mockito + Final Class)的人节省时间。在Kotlin中，默认情况下类是final的。我在谷歌的一个Android样本中找到了一个解决方案。解决方案从这里选择:https://github.com/googlesamples/android-architecture-components/blob/master/GithubBrowserSample
创建以下注释:
/**
* This annotation allows us to open some classes for mocking purposes while they are final in
* release builds.
*/
@Target(AnnotationTarget.ANNOTATION_CLASS)
annotation class OpenClass
/**
* Annotate a class with [OpenForTesting] if you want it to be extendable in debug builds.
*/
@OpenClass
@Target(AnnotationTarget.CLASS)
annotation class OpenForTesting
修改gradle文件。举个例子:https://github.com/googlesamples/android-architecture-components/blob/master/GithubBrowserSample/app/build.gradle
apply plugin: 'kotlin-allopen'
allOpen {
// allows mocking for classes w/o directly opening them for release builds
annotation 'com.android.example.github.testing.OpenClass'
}
现在你可以注释任何类，使其开放测试:
@OpenForTesting
class RepoRepository
只有在Mockito v2中才可以模拟final/static类/方法。
添加到你的gradle文件:
testImplementation 'org.mockito:mockito-inline:2.13.0'
这是不可能与Mockito v1，从Mockito常见问题:
Mockito的局限性是什么 需要java1.5 + 不能模拟最终类 .．.
如果您试图在test文件夹下运行unit-test，那么顶部的解决方案是可以的。只要跟着它添加一个扩展。
但如果你想运行与android相关的类，如context或activity，在androidtest文件夹下，答案是你。
Mockito 2现在支持final类和方法!
但就目前而言，这只是一个“孵化”功能。它需要一些步骤来激活它，这些步骤在Mockito 2中的新内容中描述:
Mocking of final classes and methods is an incubating, opt-in feature. It uses a combination of Java agent instrumentation and subclassing in order to enable mockability of these types. As this works differently to our current mechanism and this one has different limitations and as we want to gather experience and user feedback, this feature had to be explicitly activated to be available ; it can be done via the mockito extension mechanism by creating the file src/test/resources/mockito-extensions/org.mockito.plugins.MockMaker containing a single line: mock-maker-inline After you created this file, Mockito will automatically use this new engine and one can do : final class FinalClass { final String finalMethod() { return "something"; } } FinalClass concrete = new FinalClass(); FinalClass mock = mock(FinalClass.class); given(mock.finalMethod()).willReturn("not anymore"); assertThat(mock.finalMethod()).isNotEqualTo(concrete.finalMethod()); In subsequent milestones, the team will bring a programmatic way of using this feature. We will identify and provide support for all unmockable scenarios. Stay tuned and please let us know what you think of this feature!
