我还有最后一节课，大概是这样的:
public final class RainOnTrees{
public void startRain(){
// some code here
}
}
我在其他一些类中使用这个类，像这样:
public class Seasons{
RainOnTrees rain = new RainOnTrees();
public void findSeasonAndRain(){
rain.startRain();
}
}
在我的JUnit测试类Seasons.java中，我想模拟RainOnTrees类。我怎么能用Mockito做到这一点?
当前回答
Mockito 2现在支持final类和方法!
但就目前而言，这只是一个“孵化”功能。它需要一些步骤来激活它，这些步骤在Mockito 2中的新内容中描述:
Mocking of final classes and methods is an incubating, opt-in feature. It uses a combination of Java agent instrumentation and subclassing in order to enable mockability of these types. As this works differently to our current mechanism and this one has different limitations and as we want to gather experience and user feedback, this feature had to be explicitly activated to be available ; it can be done via the mockito extension mechanism by creating the file src/test/resources/mockito-extensions/org.mockito.plugins.MockMaker containing a single line: mock-maker-inline After you created this file, Mockito will automatically use this new engine and one can do : final class FinalClass { final String finalMethod() { return "something"; } } FinalClass concrete = new FinalClass(); FinalClass mock = mock(FinalClass.class); given(mock.finalMethod()).willReturn("not anymore"); assertThat(mock.finalMethod()).isNotEqualTo(concrete.finalMethod()); In subsequent milestones, the team will bring a programmatic way of using this feature. We will identify and provide support for all unmockable scenarios. Stay tuned and please let us know what you think of this feature!
其他回答
根据这个GitHub问题，mockito-android不支持mock final类。您应该使用Mockk代替它。
对于单元测试和ui测试，都可以毫无问题地使用Mockk。
对我们来说，这是因为我们从koin-test中排除了mockito-inline。一个gradle模块实际上需要这个，并且由于某些原因，它只在发布版本中失败了(IDE中的调试版本可以工作):-P
实际上有一种方法，我用来监视的。只有满足两个前提条件，它才会为你工作:
使用某种DI注入final类的实例 Final类实现了一个接口
请回顾Effective Java中的第16项。你可以创建一个包装器(不是final)并将所有调用转发给final类的实例:
public final class RainOnTrees implement IRainOnTrees {
@Override public void startRain() { // some code here }
}
public class RainOnTreesWrapper implement IRainOnTrees {
private IRainOnTrees delegate;
public RainOnTreesWrapper(IRainOnTrees delegate) {this.delegate = delegate;}
@Override public void startRain() { delegate.startRain(); }
}
现在你不仅可以模仿你的最后一个类，还可以监视它:
public class Seasons{
RainOnTrees rain;
public Seasons(IRainOnTrees rain) { this.rain = rain; };
public void findSeasonAndRain(){
rain.startRain();
}
}
IRainOnTrees rain = spy(new RainOnTreesWrapper(new RainOnTrees()) // or mock(IRainOnTrees.class)
doNothing().when(rain).startRain();
new Seasons(rain).findSeasonAndRain();
是的，同样的问题在这里，我们不能模拟一个最终类与Mockito。准确地说，Mockito不能模仿/监视以下内容:
最后的课程 匿名类 原始类型
但是在我看来，使用包装器类代价很大，所以改用PowerMockito。
请看JMockit。它有大量的文档和示例。这里你有一个解决你的问题的例子(为了简化，我添加了构造函数到Seasons注入模拟RainOnTrees实例):
package jmockitexample;
import mockit.Mocked;
import mockit.Verifications;
import mockit.integration.junit4.JMockit;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
@RunWith(JMockit.class)
public class SeasonsTest {
@Test
public void shouldStartRain(@Mocked final RainOnTrees rain) {
Seasons seasons = new Seasons(rain);
seasons.findSeasonAndRain();
new Verifications() {{
rain.startRain();
}};
}
public final class RainOnTrees {
public void startRain() {
// some code here
}
}
public class Seasons {
private final RainOnTrees rain;
public Seasons(RainOnTrees rain) {
this.rain = rain;
}
public void findSeasonAndRain() {
rain.startRain();
}
}
}
