创建自己的装饰器并使用它

from django.core.cache import cache
import functools

def cache_returned_values(func):
    @functools.wraps(func)
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        key = "choose a unique key here"
        results = cache.get(key)
        if not results:
            results = func(*args, **kwargs)
            cache.set(key, results)
        return results

    return wrapper

现在看函数

@cache_returned_values
def get_some_values(args):
  return x

from functools import wraps


def cache(maxsize=128):
    cache = {}

    def decorator(func):
        @wraps(func)
        def inner(*args, no_cache=False, **kwargs):
            if no_cache:
                return func(*args, **kwargs)

            key_base = "_".join(str(x) for x in args)
            key_end = "_".join(f"{k}:{v}" for k, v in kwargs.items())
            key = f"{key_base}-{key_end}"

            if key in cache:
                return cache[key]

            res = func(*args, **kwargs)

            if len(cache) > maxsize:
                del cache[list(cache.keys())[0]]
                cache[key] = res

            return res

        return inner

    return decorator


def async_cache(maxsize=128):
    cache = {}

    def decorator(func):
        @wraps(func)
        async def inner(*args, no_cache=False, **kwargs):
            if no_cache:
                return await func(*args, **kwargs)

            key_base = "_".join(str(x) for x in args)
            key_end = "_".join(f"{k}:{v}" for k, v in kwargs.items())
            key = f"{key_base}-{key_end}"

            if key in cache:
                return cache[key]

            res = await func(*args, **kwargs)

            if len(cache) > maxsize:
                del cache[list(cache.keys())[0]]
                cache[key] = res

            return res

        return inner

    return decorator

示例使用

import asyncio
import aiohttp


# Removes the aiohttp ClientSession instance warning.
class HTTPSession(aiohttp.ClientSession):
    """ Abstract class for aiohttp. """
    
    def __init__(self, loop=None) -> None:
        super().__init__(loop=loop or asyncio.get_event_loop())

    def __del__(self) -> None:
        if not self.closed:
            self.loop.run_until_complete(self.close())
            self.loop.close()
 

        return 
       

            

session = HTTPSession()

@async_cache()
async def query(url, method="get", res_method="text", *args, **kwargs):
    async with getattr(session, method.lower())(url, *args, **kwargs) as res:
        return await getattr(res, res_method)()


async def get(url, *args, **kwargs):
    return await query(url, "get", *args, **kwargs)
 

async def post(url, *args, **kwargs):
    return await query(url, "post", *args, **kwargs)

async def delete(url, *args, **kwargs):
    return await query(url, "delete", *args, **kwargs)

创建自己的装饰器并使用它

from django.core.cache import cache
import functools

def cache_returned_values(func):
    @functools.wraps(func)
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        key = "choose a unique key here"
        results = cache.get(key)
        if not results:
            results = func(*args, **kwargs)
            cache.set(key, results)
        return results

    return wrapper

现在看函数

@cache_returned_values
def get_some_values(args):
  return x

我实现了类似的东西，使用pickle进行持久化，使用sha1进行简短的几乎唯一的id。基本上，缓存对函数代码和参数的历史进行哈希，以获得sha1，然后查找名称为sha1的文件。如果它存在，则打开它并返回结果;如果没有，则调用该函数并保存结果(如果需要一定时间来处理，则可以选择只保存结果)。

也就是说，我发誓我找到了一个现有的模块，它做到了这一点，并发现自己在这里试图找到该模块……我能找到的最接近的是这个，看起来差不多:http://chase-seibert.github.io/blog/2011/11/23/pythondjango-disk-based-caching-decorator.html

我看到的唯一问题是，它不能很好地用于大输入，因为它散列str(arg)，这不是唯一的大型数组。

如果有一个unique_hash()协议，让一个类返回其内容的安全散列，那就太好了。我基本上是手动实现我所关心的类型。

在Python Wiki中还有另一个备忘录装饰器的例子:

http://wiki.python.org/moin/PythonDecoratorLibrary#Memoize

这个例子有点聪明，因为如果参数是可变的，它不会缓存结果。(检查代码，它非常简单和有趣!)

Python 3.8 functools。cached_property装饰

https://docs.python.org/dev/library/functools.html#functools.cached_property

来自Werkzeug的cached_property在:https://stackoverflow.com/a/5295190/895245上提到过，但据说派生版本将合并到3.8中，这是非常棒的。

这个装饰器可以被看作是缓存@property，或者是清洁器@functools。Lru_cache，当你没有任何参数时。

医生说:

@functools.cached_property(func) Transform a method of a class into a property whose value is computed once and then cached as a normal attribute for the life of the instance. Similar to property(), with the addition of caching. Useful for expensive computed properties of instances that are otherwise effectively immutable. Example: class DataSet: def __init__(self, sequence_of_numbers): self._data = sequence_of_numbers @cached_property def stdev(self): return statistics.stdev(self._data) @cached_property def variance(self): return statistics.variance(self._data) New in version 3.8. Note This decorator requires that the dict attribute on each instance be a mutable mapping. This means it will not work with some types, such as metaclasses (since the dict attributes on type instances are read-only proxies for the class namespace), and those that specify slots without including dict as one of the defined slots (as such classes don’t provide a dict attribute at all).