假设我有这个:

[
  {"name": "Tom", "age": 10},
  {"name": "Mark", "age": 5},
  {"name": "Pam", "age": 7}
]

通过搜索“Pam”作为名称,我想检索相关的字典:{name:“Pam”,年龄:7}

如何做到这一点?


当前回答

names = [{'name':'Tom', 'age': 10}, {'name': 'Mark', 'age': 5}, {'name': 'Pam', 'age': 7}]
resultlist = [d    for d in names     if d.get('name', '') == 'Pam']
first_result = resultlist[0]

这是一种方法……

其他回答

在我看来,这是最python的方式:

people = [
{'name': "Tom", 'age': 10},
{'name': "Mark", 'age': 5},
{'name': "Pam", 'age': 7}
]

filter(lambda person: person['name'] == 'Pam', people)

result(在Python 2中作为列表返回):

[{'age': 7, 'name': 'Pam'}]

注意:在python3中,返回一个filter对象。所以python3的解决方案是:

list(filter(lambda person: person['name'] == 'Pam', people))

我会像这样创建一个字典的字典:

names = ["Tom", "Mark", "Pam"]
ages = [10, 5, 7]
my_d = {}

for i, j in zip(names, ages):
    my_d[i] = {"name": i, "age": j}

或者,使用与问题中完全相同的信息:

info_list = [{"name": "Tom", "age": 10}, {"name": "Mark", "age": 5}, {"name": "Pam", "age": 7}]
my_d = {}

for d in info_list:
    my_d[d["name"]] = d

然后你可以执行my_d["Pam"],得到{"name": "Pam", "age": 7}

你可以试试这个:

''' lst: list of dictionaries '''
lst = [{"name": "Tom", "age": 10}, {"name": "Mark", "age": 5}, {"name": "Pam", "age": 7}]

search = raw_input("What name: ") #Input name that needs to be searched (say 'Pam')

print [ lst[i] for i in range(len(lst)) if(lst[i]["name"]==search) ][0] #Output
>>> {'age': 7, 'name': 'Pam'} 
dicts=[
{"name": "Tom", "age": 10},
{"name": "Mark", "age": 5},
{"name": "Pam", "age": 7}
]

from collections import defaultdict
dicts_by_name=defaultdict(list)
for d in dicts:
    dicts_by_name[d['name']]=d

print dicts_by_name['Tom']

#output
#>>>
#{'age': 10, 'name': 'Tom'}

你可以使用列表推导式:

def search(name, people):
    return [element for element in people if element['name'] == name]