根据这里的一些答案，我合并了它们，并添加了一个检查是否安装了一些已知的根管理器应用程序:

fun isProbablyRooted(context: Context, alsoIncludeCheckingRootManagerApp: Boolean = false): Boolean {
    return hasRootManagerSystemApp(context) || (alsoIncludeCheckingRootManagerApp && hasRootManagerSystemApp(context))
}

fun hasRootManagerSystemApp(context: Context): Boolean {
    val rootAppsPackageNames = arrayOf("com.topjohnwu.magisk", "eu.chainfire.supersu", "com.koushikdutta.superuser", "com.noshufou.android.su", "me.phh.superuser")
    rootAppsPackageNames.forEach { rootAppPackageName ->
        try {
            context.packageManager.getApplicationInfo(rootAppPackageName, 0)
            return true
        } catch (e: Exception) {
        }
    }
    return false
}

fun hasSuBinary(): Boolean {
    return try {
        findBinary("su")
    } catch (e: Exception) {
        e.printStackTrace()
        false
    }
}

private fun findBinary(binaryName: String): Boolean {
    val paths = System.getenv("PATH")
    if (!paths.isNullOrBlank()) {
        val systemPlaces: List<String> = paths.split(":")
        return systemPlaces.firstOrNull { File(it, binaryName).exists() } != null
    }
    val places = arrayOf("/sbin/", "/system/bin/", "/system/xbin/", "/data/local/xbin/", "/data/local/bin/",
            "/system/sd/xbin/", "/system/bin/failsafe/", "/data/local/")
    return places.firstOrNull { File(it, binaryName).exists() } != null
}

清单:

<queries>
    <package android:name="com.topjohnwu.magisk" />
    <package android:name="eu.chainfire.supersu" />
    <package android:name="com.koushikdutta.superuser" />
    <package android:name="com.noshufou.android.su" />
    <package android:name="me.phh.superuser" />
</queries>

当然，这仍然是一个猜测，就像所有其他解一样。 例如，用户可以安装Magisk，而无需对设备进行root操作。

if [[ "`adb shell which su | grep -io "permission denied"`" != "permission denied" ]]; then
   echo "Yes. Rooted device."
 else
   echo "No. Device not rooted. Only limited tasks can be performed. Done."
    zenity --warning --title="Device Not Rooted" --text="The connected Android Device is <b>NOT ROOTED</b>. Only limited tasks can be performed." --no-wrap
fi

使用c++和ndk是最好的方法来检测根，即使用户使用的应用程序隐藏了他的根，如RootCloak。我用RootCloak测试了这段代码，即使用户试图隐藏它，我也能够检测到根。 所以你的cpp文件是这样的:

#include <jni.h>
#include <string>


/**
 *
 * function that checks for the su binary files and operates even if 
 * root cloak is installed
 * @return integer 1: device is rooted, 0: device is not 
 *rooted
*/
extern "C"
JNIEXPORT int JNICALL


Java_com_example_user_root_1native_rootFunction(JNIEnv *env,jobject thiz){
const char *paths[] ={"/system/app/Superuser.apk", "/sbin/su", "/system/bin/su",
                      "/system/xbin/su", "/data/local/xbin/su", "/data/local/bin/su", "/system/sd/xbin/su",
                      "/system/bin/failsafe/su", "/data/local/su", "/su/bin/su"};

int counter =0;
while (counter<9){
    if(FILE *file = fopen(paths[counter],"r")){
        fclose(file);
        return 1;
    }
    counter++;
}
return 0;
}

您将从java代码中调用该函数，如下所示

public class Root_detect {



   /**
    *
    * function that calls a native function to check if the device is 
    *rooted or not
    * @return boolean: true if the device is rooted, false if the 
    *device is not rooted
   */
   public boolean check_rooted(){

        int checker = rootFunction();

        if(checker==1){
           return true;
        }else {
           return false;
        }
   }
   static {
    System.loadLibrary("cpp-root-lib");//name of your cpp file
   }

   public native int rootFunction();
}

RootBeer是一个由Scott和Matthew开发的Android根检查库。 它使用各种检查来指示设备是否已根。

Java检查 CheckRootManagementApps CheckPotentiallyDangerousAppss CheckRootCloakingApps CheckTestKeys checkForDangerousProps checkForBusyBoxBinary checkForSuBinary checkSuExists checkForRWSystem 本地检查 我们调用本地根检查器来运行它自己的一些检查 检查。本地检查通常很难隐藏，所以一些根 斗篷应用程序只是阻止加载本机库包含 某些关键词。 checkForSuBinary

忘记所有那些检测根应用程序和子二进制文件。检查根守护进程。这可以从终端完成，你可以在应用程序中运行终端命令。试试这一行。

if [ ! "$(/system/bin/ps -A | grep -v grep | grep -c daemonsu)" = "0" ]; then echo "device is rooted"; else echo "device is not rooted"; fi

您也不需要root权限来实现这一点。

编辑:现在使用这种方法更好的检测!

if [ $(ps -A | grep -e ^shell -e ^root | grep -v "\[" | tr -s ' ' | cut -d ' ' -f 9 | grep -c su) ] || [ $(which su) ]; then echo 'rooted'; else echo 'not rooted'; fi

如果你已经在使用Fabric/Firebase Crashlytics，你可以打电话

CommonUtils.isRooted(context)

这是该方法的当前实现:

public static boolean isRooted(Context context) {
    boolean isEmulator = isEmulator(context);
    String buildTags = Build.TAGS;
    if (!isEmulator && buildTags != null && buildTags.contains("test-keys")) {
        return true;
    } else {
        File file = new File("/system/app/Superuser.apk");
        if (file.exists()) {
            return true;
        } else {
            file = new File("/system/xbin/su");
            return !isEmulator && file.exists();
        }
    }
}

public static boolean isEmulator(Context context) {
    String androidId = Secure.getString(context.getContentResolver(), "android_id");
    return "sdk".equals(Build.PRODUCT) || "google_sdk".equals(Build.PRODUCT) || androidId == null;
}