我实现了一个最大堆版本的heapq，并将它提交给PyPI。(对heapq模块CPython代码的改动很小。)

https://pypi.python.org/pypi/heapq_max/

https://github.com/he-zhe/heapq_max

安装

pip install heapq_max

使用

dr:与heapq模块相同，只是所有函数都增加了' _max '。

heap_max = []                           # creates an empty heap
heappush_max(heap_max, item)            # pushes a new item on the heap
item = heappop_max(heap_max)            # pops the largest item from the heap
item = heap_max[0]                      # largest item on the heap without popping it
heapify_max(x)                          # transforms list into a heap, in-place, in linear time
item = heapreplace_max(heap_max, item)  # pops and returns largest item, and
                                    # adds new item; the heap size is unchanged

如果插入的键具有可比性但不像int型，则可能重写它们上的比较操作符(即<=变成>，>变成<=)。否则，您可以重写heapq。heapq模块中的_siftup(最后都是Python代码)。

你可以使用

import heapq
listForTree = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15]    
heapq.heapify(listForTree)             # for a min heap
heapq._heapify_max(listForTree)        # for a maxheap!!

如果你想要弹出元素，使用:

heapq.heappop(minheap)      # pop from minheap
heapq._heappop_max(maxheap) # pop from maxheap

这是一个基于heapq的简单MaxHeap实现。虽然它只适用于数值。

import heapq
from typing import List


class MaxHeap:
    def __init__(self):
        self.data = []

    def top(self):
        return -self.data[0]

    def push(self, val):
        heapq.heappush(self.data, -val)

    def pop(self):
        return -heapq.heappop(self.data)

用法:

max_heap = MaxHeap()
max_heap.push(3)
max_heap.push(5)
max_heap.push(1)
print(max_heap.top())  # 5

我实现了一个最大堆版本的heapq，并将它提交给PyPI。(对heapq模块CPython代码的改动很小。)

https://pypi.python.org/pypi/heapq_max/

https://github.com/he-zhe/heapq_max

安装

pip install heapq_max

使用

dr:与heapq模块相同，只是所有函数都增加了' _max '。

heap_max = []                           # creates an empty heap
heappush_max(heap_max, item)            # pushes a new item on the heap
item = heappop_max(heap_max)            # pops the largest item from the heap
item = heap_max[0]                      # largest item on the heap without popping it
heapify_max(x)                          # transforms list into a heap, in-place, in linear time
item = heapreplace_max(heap_max, item)  # pops and returns largest item, and
                                    # adds new item; the heap size is unchanged

我创建了一个名为heap_class的包，它实现了最大堆，还将各种堆函数包装到一个与列表兼容的环境中。

>>> from heap_class import Heap
>>> h = Heap([3, 1, 9, 20], max=True)
>>> h.pop()
20
>>> h.peek()  # same as h[0]
9
>>> h.push(17)  # or h.append(17)
>>> h[0]  # same as h.peek()
17
>>> h[1]  # inefficient, but works
9

从最大堆中获得最小堆。

>>> y = reversed(h)
>>> y.peek()
1
>>> y  # repr is inefficient, but correct
Heap([1, 3, 9, 17], max=False)
>>> 9 in y
True
>>> y.raw()  # underlying heap structure
[1, 3, 17, 9]

正如其他人所提到的，在max堆中处理字符串和复杂对象在heapq中是相当困难的，因为它们不同 否定的形式。heap_class实现简单:

>>> h = Heap(('aa', 4), ('aa', 5), ('zz', 2), ('zz', 1), max=True)
>>> h.pop()
('zz', 2)

支持自定义键，并与后续的推/追加和弹出一起工作:

>>> vals = [('Adam', 'Smith'), ('Zeta', 'Jones')]
>>> h = Heap(vals, key=lambda name: name[1])
>>> h.peek()  # Jones comes before Smith
('Zeta', 'Jones')
>>> h.push(('Aaron', 'Allen'))
>>> h.peek()
('Aaron', 'Allen')

(实现是建立在heapq函数上的，所以它都是用C语言或C语言包装的，除了Python中max heap上的heappush和heapreplace)