当在c#中构建Windows控制台应用程序时,是否有可能写入控制台而不必扩展当前行或去到新行?例如,如果我想显示一个百分比,表示一个流程离完成有多近,我只需要在游标所在的同一行上更新该值,而不必将每个百分比放在新行上。

这可以用“标准”c#控制台应用程序来实现吗?


当前回答

我只需要使用divo的ConsoleSpinner类。我的远没有那么简洁,但我不喜欢这个类的用户必须编写自己的while(true)循环。我追求的是这样的经历:

static void Main(string[] args)
{
    Console.Write("Working....");
    ConsoleSpinner spin = new ConsoleSpinner();
    spin.Start();

    // Do some work...

    spin.Stop(); 
}

我用下面的代码实现了它。由于我不希望Start()方法阻塞,我不希望用户不得不担心编写while(spinFlag)类循环,并且我希望同时允许多个旋转器,因此我必须生成一个单独的线程来处理旋转。这意味着代码要复杂得多。

此外,我没有做那么多多线程,所以有可能(甚至可能)我在那里留下了一个或三个微妙的错误。但到目前为止,它似乎运行得很好:

public class ConsoleSpinner : IDisposable
{       
    public ConsoleSpinner()
    {
        CursorLeft = Console.CursorLeft;
        CursorTop = Console.CursorTop;  
    }

    public ConsoleSpinner(bool start)
        : this()
    {
        if (start) Start();
    }

    public void Start()
    {
        // prevent two conflicting Start() calls ot the same instance
        lock (instanceLocker) 
        {
            if (!running )
            {
                running = true;
                turner = new Thread(Turn);
                turner.Start();
            }
        }
    }

    public void StartHere()
    {
        SetPosition();
        Start();
    }

    public void Stop()
    {
        lock (instanceLocker)
        {
            if (!running) return;

            running = false;
            if (! turner.Join(250))
                turner.Abort();
        }
    }

    public void SetPosition()
    {
        SetPosition(Console.CursorLeft, Console.CursorTop);
    }

    public void SetPosition(int left, int top)
    {
        bool wasRunning;
        //prevent other start/stops during move
        lock (instanceLocker)
        {
            wasRunning = running;
            Stop();

            CursorLeft = left;
            CursorTop = top;

            if (wasRunning) Start();
        } 
    }

    public bool IsSpinning { get { return running;} }

    /* ---  PRIVATE --- */

    private int counter=-1;
    private Thread turner; 
    private bool running = false;
    private int rate = 100;
    private int CursorLeft;
    private int CursorTop;
    private Object instanceLocker = new Object();
    private static Object console = new Object();

    private void Turn()
    {
        while (running)
        {
            counter++;

            // prevent two instances from overlapping cursor position updates
            // weird things can still happen if the main ui thread moves the cursor during an update and context switch
            lock (console)
            {                  
                int OldLeft = Console.CursorLeft;
                int OldTop = Console.CursorTop;
                Console.SetCursorPosition(CursorLeft, CursorTop);

                switch (counter)
                {
                    case 0: Console.Write("/"); break;
                    case 1: Console.Write("-"); break;
                    case 2: Console.Write("\\"); break;
                    case 3: Console.Write("|"); counter = -1; break;
                }
                Console.SetCursorPosition(OldLeft, OldTop);
            }

            Thread.Sleep(rate);
        }
        lock (console)
        {   // clean up
            int OldLeft = Console.CursorLeft;
            int OldTop = Console.CursorTop;
            Console.SetCursorPosition(CursorLeft, CursorTop);
            Console.Write(' ');
            Console.SetCursorPosition(OldLeft, OldTop);
        }
    }

    public void Dispose()
    {
        Stop();
    }
}

其他回答

你可以使用控制台。SetCursorPosition设置光标的位置,然后在当前位置写入。

下面是一个简单的“spinner”的例子:

static void Main(string[] args)
{
    var spin = new ConsoleSpinner();
    Console.Write("Working....");
    while (true) 
    {
        spin.Turn();
    }
}

public class ConsoleSpinner
{
    int counter;

    public void Turn()
    {
        counter++;        
        switch (counter % 4)
        {
            case 0: Console.Write("/"); counter = 0; break;
            case 1: Console.Write("-"); break;
            case 2: Console.Write("\\"); break;
            case 3: Console.Write("|"); break;
        }
        Thread.Sleep(100);
        Console.SetCursorPosition(Console.CursorLeft - 1, Console.CursorTop);
    }
}

请注意,您必须确保用新的输出或空白覆盖任何现有输出。

更新:因为它被批评的例子移动光标只向后一个字符,我将添加这个澄清:使用SetCursorPosition你可以设置光标到控制台窗口的任何位置。

Console.SetCursorPosition(0, Console.CursorTop);

将光标设置到当前行的开头(或者您可以使用Console。CursorLeft = 0直接)。

我做了一个搜索,看看我写的解决方案是否可以优化速度。我想要的是一个倒数计时器,而不仅仅是更新当前行。 这是我想到的。可能对某人有用

            int sleepTime = 5 * 60;    // 5 minutes

            for (int secondsRemaining = sleepTime; secondsRemaining > 0; secondsRemaining --)
            {
                double minutesPrecise = secondsRemaining / 60;
                double minutesRounded = Math.Round(minutesPrecise, 0);
                int seconds = Convert.ToInt32((minutesRounded * 60) - secondsRemaining);
                Console.Write($"\rProcess will resume in {minutesRounded}:{String.Format("{0:D2}", -seconds)} ");
                Thread.Sleep(1000);
            }
            Console.WriteLine("");

在行首显式地使用Carrage Return (\r),而不是(隐式或显式地)在行尾使用New line (\n),应该得到你想要的结果。例如:

void demoPercentDone() {
    for(int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
        System.Console.Write( "\rProcessing {0}%...", i );
        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep( 1000 );
    }
    System.Console.WriteLine();    
}

这是另一个选项:D

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        Console.Write("Working... ");
        int spinIndex = 0;
        while (true)
        {
            // obfuscate FTW! Let's hope overflow is disabled or testers are impatient
            Console.Write("\b" + @"/-\|"[(spinIndex++) & 3]);
        }
    }
}

灵感来自@E。拉湖解决方案,执行进度条用百分比。

public class ConsoleSpinner
{
    private int _counter;

    public void Turn(Color color, int max, string prefix = "Completed", string symbol = "■",int position = 0)
    {
        Console.SetCursorPosition(0, position);
        Console.Write($"{prefix} {ComputeSpinner(_counter, max, symbol)}", color);
        _counter = _counter == max ? 0 : _counter + 1;
    }

    public string ComputeSpinner(int nmb, int max, string symbol)
    {
        var spinner = new StringBuilder();
        if (nmb == 0)
            return "\r ";

        spinner.Append($"[{nmb}%] [");
        for (var i = 0; i < max; i++)
        {
            spinner.Append(i < nmb ? symbol : ".");
        }

        spinner.Append("]");
        return spinner.ToString();
    }
}


public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        var progressBar= new ConsoleSpinner();
        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
        {
            progressBar.Turn(Color.Aqua,100);
            Thread.Sleep(1000);
        }
    }