我已经搜索了Swift的书籍,但找不到@synchronized的Swift版本。我如何做互斥在Swift?
当前回答
在现代Swift 5中,具有返回功能:
/**
Makes sure no other thread reenters the closure before the one running has not returned
*/
@discardableResult
public func synchronized<T>(_ lock: AnyObject, closure:() -> T) -> T {
objc_sync_enter(lock)
defer { objc_sync_exit(lock) }
return closure()
}
像这样使用它,以利用返回值功能:
let returnedValue = synchronized(self) {
// Your code here
return yourCode()
}
或者像这样:
synchronized(self) {
// Your code here
yourCode()
}
其他回答
细节
Xcode 8.3.1, Swift 3.1
Task
从不同的线程读写值(异步)。
Code
class AsyncObject<T>:CustomStringConvertible {
private var _value: T
public private(set) var dispatchQueueName: String
let dispatchQueue: DispatchQueue
init (value: T, dispatchQueueName: String) {
_value = value
self.dispatchQueueName = dispatchQueueName
dispatchQueue = DispatchQueue(label: dispatchQueueName)
}
func setValue(with closure: @escaping (_ currentValue: T)->(T) ) {
dispatchQueue.sync { [weak self] in
if let _self = self {
_self._value = closure(_self._value)
}
}
}
func getValue(with closure: @escaping (_ currentValue: T)->() ) {
dispatchQueue.sync { [weak self] in
if let _self = self {
closure(_self._value)
}
}
}
var value: T {
get {
return dispatchQueue.sync { _value }
}
set (newValue) {
dispatchQueue.sync { _value = newValue }
}
}
var description: String {
return "\(_value)"
}
}
使用
print("Single read/write action")
// Use it when when you need to make single action
let obj = AsyncObject<Int>(value: 0, dispatchQueueName: "Dispatch0")
obj.value = 100
let x = obj.value
print(x)
print("Write action in block")
// Use it when when you need to make many action
obj.setValue{ (current) -> (Int) in
let newValue = current*2
print("previous: \(current), new: \(newValue)")
return newValue
}
完整的样品
扩展DispatchGroup
extension DispatchGroup {
class func loop(repeatNumber: Int, action: @escaping (_ index: Int)->(), completion: @escaping ()->()) {
let group = DispatchGroup()
for index in 0...repeatNumber {
group.enter()
DispatchQueue.global(qos: .utility).async {
action(index)
group.leave()
}
}
group.notify(queue: DispatchQueue.global(qos: .userInitiated)) {
completion()
}
}
}
类ViewController
import UIKit
class ViewController: UIViewController {
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
//sample1()
sample2()
}
func sample1() {
print("=================================================\nsample with variable")
let obj = AsyncObject<Int>(value: 0, dispatchQueueName: "Dispatch1")
DispatchGroup.loop(repeatNumber: 5, action: { index in
obj.value = index
}) {
print("\(obj.value)")
}
}
func sample2() {
print("\n=================================================\nsample with array")
let arr = AsyncObject<[Int]>(value: [], dispatchQueueName: "Dispatch2")
DispatchGroup.loop(repeatNumber: 15, action: { index in
arr.setValue{ (current) -> ([Int]) in
var array = current
array.append(index*index)
print("index: \(index), value \(array[array.count-1])")
return array
}
}) {
print("\(arr.value)")
}
}
}
您可以创建propertyWrapper synchronized
这里是NSLock下罩的例子。你可以使用任何你想要的同步GCD, posix_locks等
@propertyWrapper public struct Synchronised<T> {
private let lock = NSLock()
private var _wrappedValue: T
public var wrappedValue: T {
get {
lock.lock()
defer {
lock.unlock()
}
return _wrappedValue
}
set {
lock.lock()
defer {
lock.unlock()
}
_wrappedValue = newValue
}
}
public init(wrappedValue: T) {
self._wrappedValue = wrappedValue
}
}
@Synchronised var example: String = "testing"
基于@drewster的答案
我喜欢并使用了这里的许多答案,所以我会选择最适合你的。也就是说,当我需要objective-c的@synchronized时,我更喜欢使用swift 2中引入的defer语句。
{
objc_sync_enter(lock)
defer { objc_sync_exit(lock) }
//
// code of critical section goes here
//
} // <-- lock released when this block is exited
这个方法的好处是,你的临界区可以以任何想要的方式退出包含块(例如,return, break, continue, throw),并且“不管程序控制如何转移,defer语句中的语句都将被执行”。1
要添加返回函数,你可以这样做:
func synchronize<T>(lockObj: AnyObject!, closure: ()->T) -> T
{
objc_sync_enter(lockObj)
var retVal: T = closure()
objc_sync_exit(lockObj)
return retVal
}
随后,你可以调用它使用:
func importantMethod(...) -> Bool {
return synchronize(self) {
if(feelLikeReturningTrue) { return true }
// do other things
if(feelLikeReturningTrueNow) { return true }
// more things
return whatIFeelLike ? true : false
}
}
你可以把语句夹在objc_sync_enter(obj: AnyObject?)和objc_sync_exit(obj: AnyObject?)之间。@synchronized关键字在幕后使用这些方法。即。
objc_sync_enter(self)
... synchronized code ...
objc_sync_exit(self)
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