为什么要让锁变得困难和麻烦呢? 使用分派障碍。

调度障碍在并发队列中创建同步点。 当它正在运行时，队列上的其他块都不允许运行，即使它是并发的并且其他内核可用。 如果这听起来像一个排他(写)锁，它是。 无障碍块可以被认为是共享(读)锁。 只要所有对资源的访问都是通过队列执行的，barrier就能提供非常廉价的同步。

使用Swift的属性包装器，这是我现在使用的:

@propertyWrapper public struct NCCSerialized<Wrapped> {
    private let queue = DispatchQueue(label: "com.nuclearcyborg.NCCSerialized_\(UUID().uuidString)")

    private var _wrappedValue: Wrapped
    public var wrappedValue: Wrapped {
        get { queue.sync { _wrappedValue } }
        set { queue.sync { _wrappedValue = newValue } }
    }

    public init(wrappedValue: Wrapped) {
        self._wrappedValue = wrappedValue
    }
}

然后你可以这样做:

@NCCSerialized var foo: Int = 10

or

@NCCSerialized var myData: [SomeStruct] = []

然后像往常一样访问变量。

你可以把语句夹在objc_sync_enter(obj: AnyObject?)和objc_sync_exit(obj: AnyObject?)之间。@synchronized关键字在幕后使用这些方法。即。

objc_sync_enter(self)
... synchronized code ...
objc_sync_exit(self)

是什么

final class SpinLock {
    private let lock = NSRecursiveLock()

    func sync<T>(action: () -> T) -> T {
        lock.lock()
        defer { lock.unlock() }
        return action()
    }
}

另一种方法是创建一个超类，然后继承它。这样你可以更直接地使用GCD

class Lockable {
    let lockableQ:dispatch_queue_t

    init() {
        lockableQ = dispatch_queue_create("com.blah.blah.\(self.dynamicType)", DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL)
    }

    func lock(closure: () -> ()) {
        dispatch_sync(lockableQ, closure)
    }
}


class Foo: Lockable {

    func boo() {
        lock {
            ....... do something
        }
    }

细节

Xcode 8.3.1, Swift 3.1

Task

从不同的线程读写值(异步)。

Code

class AsyncObject<T>:CustomStringConvertible {
    private var _value: T
    public private(set) var dispatchQueueName: String
   
    let dispatchQueue: DispatchQueue
    
    init (value: T, dispatchQueueName: String) {
        _value = value
        self.dispatchQueueName = dispatchQueueName
        dispatchQueue = DispatchQueue(label: dispatchQueueName)
    }
    
    func setValue(with closure: @escaping (_ currentValue: T)->(T) ) {
        dispatchQueue.sync { [weak self] in
            if let _self = self {
                _self._value = closure(_self._value)
            }
        }
    }
    
    func getValue(with closure: @escaping (_ currentValue: T)->() ) {
        dispatchQueue.sync { [weak self] in
            if let _self = self {
                closure(_self._value)
            }
        }
    }
    
    
    var value: T {
        get {
            return dispatchQueue.sync { _value }
        }
        
        set (newValue) {
            dispatchQueue.sync { _value = newValue }
        }
    }

    var description: String {
        return "\(_value)"
    }
}

使用

print("Single read/write action")
// Use it when when you need to make single action
let obj = AsyncObject<Int>(value: 0, dispatchQueueName: "Dispatch0")
obj.value = 100
let x = obj.value
print(x)

print("Write action in block")
// Use it when when you need to make many action
obj.setValue{ (current) -> (Int) in
    let newValue = current*2
    print("previous: \(current), new: \(newValue)")
    return newValue
}

完整的样品

扩展DispatchGroup

extension DispatchGroup {
    
    class func loop(repeatNumber: Int, action: @escaping (_ index: Int)->(), completion: @escaping ()->()) {
        let group = DispatchGroup()
        for index in 0...repeatNumber {
            group.enter()
            DispatchQueue.global(qos: .utility).async {
                action(index)
                group.leave()
            }
        }
        
        group.notify(queue: DispatchQueue.global(qos: .userInitiated)) {
            completion()
        }
    }
}

类ViewController

import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController {

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        //sample1()
        sample2()
    }
    
    func sample1() {
        print("=================================================\nsample with variable")
        
        let obj = AsyncObject<Int>(value: 0, dispatchQueueName: "Dispatch1")
        
        DispatchGroup.loop(repeatNumber: 5, action: { index in
            obj.value = index
        }) {
            print("\(obj.value)")
        }
    }
    
    func sample2() {
        print("\n=================================================\nsample with array")
        let arr = AsyncObject<[Int]>(value: [], dispatchQueueName: "Dispatch2")
        DispatchGroup.loop(repeatNumber: 15, action: { index in
            arr.setValue{ (current) -> ([Int]) in
                var array = current
                array.append(index*index)
                print("index: \(index), value \(array[array.count-1])")
                return array
            }
        }) {
            print("\(arr.value)")
        }
    }
}