什么是最有效的方式来克隆一个JavaScript对象?我已经看到obj = eval(uneval(o));被使用,但它是非标准的,仅支持Firefox.我做了事情,如obj = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(o));但质疑效率。


当前回答

如何将对象的关键与其价值相结合?

function deepClone(o) {
    var keys = Object.keys(o);
    var values = Object.values(o);

    var clone = {};

    keys.forEach(function(key, i) {
        clone[key] = typeof values[i] == 'object' ? Object.create(values[i]) : values[i];
    });

    return clone;
}

注意: 这种方法不一定会做更深的复制,但它只会用一个内部对象的深度复制,这意味着当你给出像 {a: {b: {c: null}}} 这样的东西时,它只会克隆直接在它们内部的对象,所以 deepClone(a.b.c)技术上是对 a.b.c 的参考,而 deepClone(a.b)则是克隆,而不是参考。

其他回答

由于这个问题有很多注意力和答案,参考内置的功能,如 Object.assign 或自定义代码到深克隆,我想分享一些图书馆到深克隆,

1、斯克隆

npm 安装 --savedev esclone https://www.npmjs.com/package/esclone

在 ES6 中使用例子:

import esclone from "esclone";

const rockysGrandFather = {
  name: "Rockys grand father",
  father: "Don't know :("
};
const rockysFather = {
  name: "Rockys Father",
  father: rockysGrandFather
};

const rocky = {
  name: "Rocky",
  father: rockysFather
};

const rockyClone = esclone(rocky);

在 ES5 中使用例子:

var esclone = require("esclone")
var foo = new String("abcd")
var fooClone = esclone.default(foo)
console.log(fooClone)
console.log(foo === fooClone)

二、深度复制

npm 安装深复制 https://www.npmjs.com/package/deep-copy

例子:

var dcopy = require('deep-copy')

// deep copy object 
var copy = dcopy({a: {b: [{c: 5}]}})

// deep copy array 
var copy = dcopy([1, 2, {a: {b: 5}}])

3、克隆深度

$ npm 安装 --save clone-deep https://www.npmjs.com/package/clone-deep

例子:

var cloneDeep = require('clone-deep');

var obj = {a: 'b'};
var arr = [obj];

var copy = cloneDeep(arr);
obj.c = 'd';

console.log(copy);
//=> [{a: 'b'}] 

console.log(arr);

这是我正在使用的:

function cloneObject(obj) {
    var clone = {};
    for(var i in obj) {
        if(typeof(obj[i])=="object" && obj[i] != null)
            clone[i] = cloneObject(obj[i]);
        else
            clone[i] = obj[i];
    }
    return clone;
}

需要新的浏览器,但...

让我们扩展本地对象并获得一个真正的.extend();

Object.defineProperty(Object.prototype, 'extend', {
    enumerable: false,
    value: function(){
        var that = this;

        Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments).map(function(source){
            var props = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(source),
                i = 0, l = props.length,
                prop;

            for(; i < l; ++i){
                prop = props[i];

                if(that.hasOwnProperty(prop) && typeof(that[prop]) === 'object'){
                    that[prop] = that[prop].extend(source[prop]);
                }else{
                    Object.defineProperty(that, prop, Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(source, prop));
                }
            }
        });

        return this;
    }
});

只需在任何使用.extend() 对象的代码之前点击它。

例子:

var obj1 = {
    node1: '1',
    node2: '2',
    node3: 3
};

var obj2 = {
    node1: '4',
    node2: 5,
    node3: '6'
};

var obj3 = ({}).extend(obj1, obj2);

console.log(obj3);
// Object {node1: "4", node2: 5, node3: "6"}

代码:

// extends 'from' object with members from 'to'. If 'to' is null, a deep clone of 'from' is returned
function extend(from, to)
{
    if (from == null || typeof from != "object") return from;
    if (from.constructor != Object && from.constructor != Array) return from;
    if (from.constructor == Date || from.constructor == RegExp || from.constructor == Function ||
        from.constructor == String || from.constructor == Number || from.constructor == Boolean)
        return new from.constructor(from);

    to = to || new from.constructor();

    for (var name in from)
    {
        to[name] = typeof to[name] == "undefined" ? extend(from[name], null) : to[name];
    }

    return to;
}

测试:

var obj =
{
    date: new Date(),
    func: function(q) { return 1 + q; },
    num: 123,
    text: "asdasd",
    array: [1, "asd"],
    regex: new RegExp(/aaa/i),
    subobj:
    {
        num: 234,
        text: "asdsaD"
    }
}

var clone = extend(obj);

假设您只拥有属性,而不是对象中的任何功能,您只能使用:

var newObject = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(oldObject));