private void captureScreen() {
    View v = getWindow().getDecorView().getRootView();
    v.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true);
    Bitmap bmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(v.getDrawingCache());
    v.setDrawingCacheEnabled(false);
    try {
        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File(Environment
                .getExternalStorageDirectory().toString(), "SCREEN"
                + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".png"));
        bmp.compress(CompressFormat.PNG, 100, fos);
        fos.flush();
        fos.close();
    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

在清单中添加权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

对于支持棉花糖或以上版本，请在onCreate方法中添加以下代码

ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},00);

只是扩展塔拉洛卡的答案。您必须添加以下行才能使其工作。我已将映像名称设置为静态。请确保您使用taraloca的时间戳变量，以防您需要动态图像名称。

    // Storage Permissions
private static final int REQUEST_EXTERNAL_STORAGE = 1;
private static String[] PERMISSIONS_STORAGE = {
        Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
        Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
};

private void verifyStoragePermissions() {
    // Check if we have write permission
    int permission = ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);

    if (permission != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        // We don't have permission so prompt the user
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, PERMISSIONS_STORAGE, REQUEST_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);
    }else{
        takeScreenshot();
    }
}

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
    super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);

    if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        if (requestCode == REQUEST_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) {
            takeScreenshot();
        }
    }
}

在AndroidManifest.xml文件中，以下条目是必须的:

< uses-permission android: name = " android.permission。READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE " / > < uses-permission android: name = " android.permission。WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE " / >

作为参考，捕获屏幕(而不仅仅是应用程序活动)的一种方法是捕获帧缓冲区(device /dev/graphics/fb0)。要做到这一点，你必须拥有根权限，或者你的应用程序必须是一个具有签名权限的应用程序(“只有当请求应用程序与声明该权限的应用程序使用相同的证书进行签名时，系统才授予该权限”)-这是不太可能的，除非你编译了自己的ROM。

我测试过的几个设备上的每个framebuffer捕获都只包含一个截图。人们报告它包含更多，我猜这取决于框架/显示尺寸。

我尝试连续读取framebuffer，但它似乎返回了固定数量的读取字节。在我的例子中，这是(3 410 432)字节，这足以存储854*480 RGBA(3 279 360字节)的显示帧。是的，帧，二进制，从fb0输出是RGBA在我的设备。这很可能取决于不同的设备。这对你解码它很重要=)

在我的设备/dev/graphics/fb0权限是这样的，只有root和组图形的用户可以读取fb0。

图形是一个受限制的组，所以您可能只能使用su命令在根机中访问fb0。

Android应用程序的用户id (uid) = app_##，组id (guid) = app_##。

adb shell有uid = shell和guid = shell，它们拥有比app更多的权限。你可以在/system/permissions/platform.xml中查看这些权限

这意味着你将能够在没有根的adb shell中读取fb0，但如果没有根，你将无法在应用中读取它。

同样，在AndroidManifest.xml上给予READ_FRAME_BUFFER和/或ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER权限对常规应用没有任何作用，因为这些只对“签名”应用有效。

也检查这个关闭线程的更多细节。

这个方法不需要root权限，也不需要大量编码。

在adb shell上使用以下命令可以截屏。

input keyevent 120

这个命令不需要任何root权限，所以你也可以从android应用程序的java代码执行。

Process process;
process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("input keyevent 120");

更多关于android中的keyevent代码，请参阅http://developer.android.com/reference/android/view/KeyEvent.html

这里我们用了。KEYCODE_SYSRQ，它的值是120，用于系统请求/打印屏幕键。

如CJBS所说，输出的图片将保存在/sdcard/Pictures/Screenshots

如果你想从片段中截取截图，请遵循以下步骤:

Override onCreateView(): @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { // Inflate the layout for this fragment View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_one, container, false); mView = view; } Logic for taking screenshot: button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { View view = mView.findViewById(R.id.scrollView1); shareScreenShotM(view, (NestedScrollView) view); } method shareScreenShotM)(): public void shareScreenShotM(View view, NestedScrollView scrollView){ bm = takeScreenShot(view,scrollView); //method to take screenshot File file = savePic(bm); // method to save screenshot in phone. } method takeScreenShot(): public Bitmap takeScreenShot(View u, NestedScrollView z){ u.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true); int totalHeight = z.getChildAt(0).getHeight(); int totalWidth = z.getChildAt(0).getWidth(); Log.d("yoheight",""+ totalHeight); Log.d("yowidth",""+ totalWidth); u.layout(0, 0, totalWidth, totalHeight); u.buildDrawingCache(); Bitmap b = Bitmap.createBitmap(u.getDrawingCache()); u.setDrawingCacheEnabled(false); u.destroyDrawingCache(); return b; } method savePic(): public static File savePic(Bitmap bm){ ByteArrayOutputStream bytes = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); bm.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, bytes); File sdCardDirectory = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/Foldername"); if (!sdCardDirectory.exists()) { sdCardDirectory.mkdirs(); } // File file = new File(dir, fileName); try { file = new File(sdCardDirectory, Calendar.getInstance() .getTimeInMillis() + ".jpg"); file.createNewFile(); new FileOutputStream(file).write(bytes.toByteArray()); Log.d("Fabsolute", "File Saved::--->" + file.getAbsolutePath()); Log.d("Sabsolute", "File Saved::--->" + sdCardDirectory.getAbsolutePath()); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return file; }

对于activity，您可以简单地使用View v1 = getWindow().getDecorView().getRootView();而不是mView

public class ScreenShotActivity extends Activity{

private RelativeLayout relativeLayout;
private Bitmap myBitmap;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

    relativeLayout = (RelativeLayout)findViewById(R.id.relative1);
    relativeLayout.post(new Runnable() {
        public void run() {

            //take screenshot
            myBitmap = captureScreen(relativeLayout);

            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Screenshot captured..!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

            try {
                if(myBitmap!=null){
                    //save image to SD card
                    saveImage(myBitmap);
                }
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Screenshot saved..!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        }
    });

}

public static Bitmap captureScreen(View v) {

    Bitmap screenshot = null;
    try {

        if(v!=null) {

            screenshot = Bitmap.createBitmap(v.getMeasuredWidth(),v.getMeasuredHeight(), Config.ARGB_8888);
            Canvas canvas = new Canvas(screenshot);
            v.draw(canvas);
        }

    }catch (Exception e){
        Log.d("ScreenShotActivity", "Failed to capture screenshot because:" + e.getMessage());
    }

    return screenshot;
}

public static void saveImage(Bitmap bitmap) throws IOException{

    ByteArrayOutputStream bytes = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 40, bytes);
    File f = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + File.separator + "test.png");
    f.createNewFile();
    FileOutputStream fo = new FileOutputStream(f);
    fo.write(bytes.toByteArray());
    fo.close();
}

}

添加权限

< uses-permission android: name = " android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE " / >