在开发和调试代码时，不要使用内联。这会使调试复杂化。

添加它们的主要原因是为了帮助优化生成的代码。通常，这是以增加的代码空间换取速度，但有时内联可以同时节省代码空间和执行时间。

在算法完成之前将这种思想扩展到性能优化是不成熟的优化。

在进行模板特化时，仍然需要显式内联函数(如果特化在.h文件中)

编译时，GCC默认不内联任何函数 启用优化。我不知道visual studio - deft_code

我检查了Visual Studio 9(15.00.30729.01)通过/FAcs编译并查看汇编代码: 编译器产生了对成员函数的调用，而没有在调试模式下启用优化。即使函数被标记为__forceinline，也不会产生内联运行时代码。

一个用例可能发生在继承上。例如，如果以下所有情况都为真:

你有某个类的基类 基类需要是抽象的 基类除了析构函数之外没有纯虚方法 您不希望为基类创建CPP文件，因为这是徒劳的

然后你必须定义析构函数;否则，你会有一些未定义的引用链接错误。此外，你不仅要定义，还要用inline关键字定义析构函数;否则，您将有多个定义链接错误。

这可能发生在一些只包含静态方法或编写基异常类的辅助类上。

让我们举个例子:

Base.h:

class Base {
public:
    Base(SomeElementType someElement) noexcept : _someElement(std::move(someElement)) {}

    virtual ~Base() = 0;

protected:
    SomeElementType _someElement;
}

inline Base::~Base() = default;

Derived1.h:

#include "Base.h"

class Derived1 : public Base {
public:
    Derived1(SomeElementType someElement) noexcept : Base(std::move(someElement)) {}

    void DoSomething1() const;
}

Derived1.cpp:

#include "Derived1.h"

void Derived1::DoSomething1() const {
    // use _someElement 
}

Derived2.h:

#include "Base.h"

class Derived2 : public Base {
public:
    Derived2(SomeElementType someElement) noexcept : Base(std::move(someElement)) {}

    void DoSomething2() const;
}

Derived2.cpp:

#include "Derived2.h"

void Derived2::DoSomething2() const {
    // use _someElement 
}

通常，抽象类有一些纯虚方法，而不是构造函数或析构函数。因此，你不必分离基类的虚析构函数的声明和定义，你可以只写virtual ~ base () = default;关于类声明。然而，在我们的案例中，情况并非如此。

据我所知，MSVC允许你在类声明上写这样的东西:virtual ~Base() = 0{}。所以你不需要用内联关键字分离声明和定义。但它将只与MSVC编译器工作。

现实世界的例子:

BaseException.h:

#pragma once

#include <string>

class BaseException : public std::exception {
public:
    BaseException(std::string message) noexcept : message(std::move(message)) {}
    virtual char const* what() const noexcept { return message.c_str(); }

    virtual ~BaseException() = 0;

private:
    std::string message;
};

inline BaseException::~BaseException() = default;

SomeException.h:

#pragma once

#include "BaseException.h"

class SomeException : public BaseException {
public:
    SomeException(std::string message) noexcept : BaseException(std::move(message)) {}
};

SomeOtherException.h:

#pragma once

#include "BaseException.h"

class SomeOtherException : public BaseException {
public:
    SomeOtherException(std::string message) noexcept : BaseException(std::move(message)) {}
};

main.cpp:

#include <SomeException.h>
#include <SomeOtherException.h>

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

static int DoSomething(int argc) {
    try {
        switch (argc) {
        case 0:
            throw SomeException("some");
        case 1:
            throw SomeOtherException("some other");
        default:
            return 0;
        }
    }
    catch (const exception& ex) {
        cout << ex.what() << endl;
        return 1;
    }
}

int main(int argc, char**) {
    return DoSomething(argc);
}

天啊，我最讨厌的事之一。

内联更像静态或extern，而不是告诉编译器内联函数的指令。Extern, static, inline是链接指令，几乎只由链接器使用，而不是编译器。

据说，内联提示编译器，你认为函数应该内联。这在1998年可能是正确的，但十年后，编译器不需要这样的提示。更不用说，当涉及到优化代码时，人类通常是错误的，所以大多数编译器会忽略“提示”。

static - the variable/function name cannot be used in other translation units. Linker needs to make sure it doesn't accidentally use a statically defined variable/function from another translation unit. extern - use this variable/function name in this translation unit but don't complain if it isn't defined. The linker will sort it out and make sure all the code that tried to use some extern symbol has its address. inline - this function will be defined in multiple translation units, don't worry about it. The linker needs to make sure all translation units use a single instance of the variable/function.

注意:通常，将模板声明为内联是没有意义的，因为它们已经具有内联的链接语义。但是，模板的显式专门化和实例化需要内联使用。

具体问题解答:

When should I write the keyword 'inline' for a function/method in C++? Only when you want the function to be defined in a header. More exactly only when the function's definition can show up in multiple translation units. It's a good idea to define small (as in one liner) functions in the header file as it gives the compiler more information to work with while optimizing your code. It also increases compilation time. When should I not write the keyword 'inline' for a function/method in C++? Don't add inline just because you think your code will run faster if the compiler inlines it. When will the compiler not know when to make a function/method 'inline'? Generally, the compiler will be able to do this better than you. However, the compiler doesn't have the option to inline code if it doesn't have the function definition. In maximally optimized code usually all private methods are inlined whether you ask for it or not. As an aside to prevent inlining in GCC, use __attribute__(( noinline )), and in Visual Studio, use __declspec(noinline). Does it matter if an application is multithreaded when one writes 'inline' for a function/method? Multithreading doesn't affect inlining in any way.

你要把它放在最开始，在返回类型之前。但是大多数编译器忽略了它。如果它是定义的，并且它的代码块较小，大多数编译器都认为它是内联的。