如果你想要的只是True或False, any()是目前为止最好的方法，但如果你想知道具体匹配哪个字符串/字符串，你可以使用一些东西。

如果你想要第一个匹配(默认为False):

match = next((x for x in a if x in str), False)

如果你想获得所有匹配项(包括重复项):

matches = [x for x in a if x in str]

如果你想获得所有非重复的匹配(不考虑顺序):

matches = {x for x in a if x in str}

如果你想按正确的顺序获得所有非重复的匹配项:

matches = []
for x in a:
    if x in str and x not in matches:
        matches.append(x)

data = "firstName and favoriteFood"
mandatory_fields = ['firstName', 'lastName', 'age']


# for each
for field in mandatory_fields:
    if field not in data:
        print("Error, missing req field {0}".format(field));

# still fine, multiple if statements
if ('firstName' not in data or 
    'lastName' not in data or
    'age' not in data):
    print("Error, missing a req field");

# not very readable, list comprehension
missing_fields = [x for x in mandatory_fields if x not in data]
if (len(missing_fields)>0):
    print("Error, missing fields {0}".format(", ".join(missing_fields)));

如果您想要单词的精确匹配，那么可以考虑对目标字符串进行单词标记。我使用nltk推荐的word_tokenize:

from nltk.tokenize import word_tokenize

下面是接受答案的标记化字符串:

a_string = "A string is more than its parts!"
tokens = word_tokenize(a_string)
tokens
Out[46]: ['A', 'string', 'is', 'more', 'than', 'its', 'parts', '!']

接受的答案修改如下:

matches_1 = ["more", "wholesome", "milk"]
[x in tokens for x in matches_1]
Out[42]: [True, False, False]

在公认的答案中，单词“more”仍然是匹配的。但是，如果“mo”成为匹配字符串，接受的答案仍然找到匹配。这是我不希望看到的行为。

matches_2 = ["mo", "wholesome", "milk"]
[x in a_string for x in matches_1]
Out[43]: [True, False, False]

使用单词标记化，“mo”不再匹配:

[x in tokens for x in matches_2]
Out[44]: [False, False, False]

这是我想要的附加行为。这个答案也回答了这里的重复问题。

a = ['a', 'b', 'c']
str =  "a123"

a_match = [True for match in a if match in str]

if True in a_match:
  print "some of the strings found in str"
else:
  print "no strings found in str"

只是关于如何在String中获得所有列表元素的更多信息

a = ['a', 'b', 'c']
str = "a123" 
list(filter(lambda x:  x in str, a))

的元素上进行迭代。

a = ['a', 'b', 'c']
str = "a123"
found_a_string = False
for item in a:    
    if item in str:
        found_a_string = True

if found_a_string:
    print "found a match"
else:
    print "no match found"