我是c#中扩展方法的粉丝,但还没有成功地将扩展方法添加到静态类中,比如Console。
例如,如果我想添加一个名为“WriteBlueLine”的扩展到控制台,这样我就可以:
Console.WriteBlueLine("This text is blue");
我尝试通过添加一个本地的公共静态方法,并将Console作为“this”参数…但是不行!
public static class Helpers {
public static void WriteBlueLine(this Console c, string text)
{
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Blue;
Console.WriteLine(text);
Console.ResetColor();
}
}
这没有添加'WriteBlueLine'方法控制台…我做错了吗?或者要求不可能的事情?
我真的不明白人们认为他们能从扩展静态类中得到什么……
仅仅做这样的事情,你会牺牲什么?
public static class MyConsole
{
public static void WriteBlueLine(string text)
{
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Blue;
Console.WriteLine(text);
Console.ResetColor();
}
}
//...
MyConsole.WriteBlueLine("I'm so blue...");
Console.WriteLine("...and I'm not.");
这是最小的额外输入工作,作为奖励,它保持事情透明…
毕竟,即使是常规的扩展方法也只是helper方法的简写。它不允许你对一个类(实例)做任何常规方法做不到的事情。
不幸的是,你不能扩展静态类
https://onecompiler.com/csharp/3xvbe7axg
using System;
namespace HelloWorld
{
public static class console_extensions {
public static void EXTENSION(this object item) {
System.Console.WriteLine("HELLO THERE!");
}
}
public class Program
{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("Hello, World!");
Console.EXTENSION();
((Console)null).EXTENSION();
Console l = new Console();
l.EXTENSION();
}
}
}
输出
Compilation failed: 4 error(s), 0 warnings
HelloWorld.cs(16,12): error CS0117: `System.Console' does not contain a definition for `EXTENSION'
/usr/lib/mono/4.5/mscorlib.dll (Location of the symbol related to previous error)
HelloWorld.cs(17,5): error CS0716: Cannot convert to static type `System.Console'
HelloWorld.cs(18,4): error CS0723: `l': cannot declare variables of static types
/usr/lib/mono/4.5/mscorlib.dll (Location of the symbol related to previous error)
HelloWorld.cs(18,16): error CS0712: Cannot create an instance of the static class `System.Console'
/usr/lib/mono/4.5/mscorlib.dll (Location of the symbol related to previous error)
但是你可以将null传递给扩展方法
using System;
namespace HelloWorld
{
public static class static_extensions {
public static void print(this object item, int data = 0) {
Console.WriteLine("EXT: I AM A STATIC EXTENSION!");
Console.WriteLine("EXT: MY ITEM IS: " + item);
Console.WriteLine("EXT: MY DATA IS: " + data);
string i;
if (item == null) {
i = "null";
} else {
i = item.GetType().Name;
}
Console.WriteLine("EXT: MY TYPE IS: " + i + "\n");
}
}
public class Program
{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
// an extension method can be
// called directly
// (null is an instance)
static_extensions.print(null);
// an extension method can also be
// called directly with arguments
// (null is an instance)
static_extensions.print(null, 1);
// an extension method can also be
// called as part of an instance
int x = 0; // initialize int
x.print();
// an extension method can also be
// called as part of an instance
// and with data
int x2 = 0; // initialize int
x2.print(2);
// an extension method can also be
// called directly from null
// since `null` is an instance
((string)null).print();
// an extension method can also be
// called directly from null
// and with data
// since `null` is an instance
((string)null).print(4);
}
}
}
实例:https://onecompiler.com/csharp/3xvbc8s6w
输出:
EXT: I AM A STATIC EXTENSION!
EXT: MY ITEM IS:
EXT: MY DATA IS: 0
EXT: MY TYPE IS: null
EXT: I AM A STATIC EXTENSION!
EXT: MY ITEM IS:
EXT: MY DATA IS: 1
EXT: MY TYPE IS: null
EXT: I AM A STATIC EXTENSION!
EXT: MY ITEM IS: 0
EXT: MY DATA IS: 0
EXT: MY TYPE IS: Int32
EXT: I AM A STATIC EXTENSION!
EXT: MY ITEM IS: 0
EXT: MY DATA IS: 2
EXT: MY TYPE IS: Int32
EXT: I AM A STATIC EXTENSION!
EXT: MY ITEM IS:
EXT: MY DATA IS: 0
EXT: MY TYPE IS: null
EXT: I AM A STATIC EXTENSION!
EXT: MY ITEM IS:
EXT: MY DATA IS: 4
EXT: MY TYPE IS: null