我有一个类MyClass，它包含两个成员变量foo和bar:
class MyClass:
def __init__(self, foo, bar):
self.foo = foo
self.bar = bar
我有这个类的两个实例，每个实例都有相同的foo和bar值:
x = MyClass('foo', 'bar')
y = MyClass('foo', 'bar')
然而，当我比较它们是否相等时，Python返回False:
>>> x == y
False
我如何使python认为这两个对象相等?
当前回答
class Node:
def __init__(self, value):
self.value = value
self.next = None
def __repr__(self):
return str(self.value)
def __eq__(self,other):
return self.value == other.value
node1 = Node(1)
node2 = Node(1)
print(f'node1 id:{id(node1)}')
print(f'node2 id:{id(node2)}')
print(node1 == node2)
>>> node1 id:4396696848
>>> node2 id:4396698000
>>> True
其他回答
总结如下:
It's advised to implement __eq__ rather than __cmp__, except if you run python <= 2.0 (__eq__ has been added in 2.1) Don't forget to also implement __ne__ (should be something like return not self.__eq__(other) or return not self == other except very special case) Don`t forget that the operator must be implemented in each custom class you want to compare (see example below). If you want to compare with object that can be None, you must implement it. The interpreter cannot guess it ... (see example below) class B(object): def __init__(self): self.name = "toto" def __eq__(self, other): if other is None: return False return self.name == other.name class A(object): def __init__(self): self.toto = "titi" self.b_inst = B() def __eq__(self, other): if other is None: return False return (self.toto, self.b_inst) == (other.toto, other.b_inst)
根据具体情况，你可以这样做:
>>> vars(x) == vars(y)
True
参见对象字段中的Python字典
类的实例与==比较是非相等的。最好的方法是将cmp函数赋给你的类，它会做这些事情。
如果你想通过内容进行比较你可以使用cmp(obj1,obj2)
在你的例子中，cmp(doc1,doc2)如果它们的内容相同，它将返回-1。
当比较对象的实例时，将调用__cmp__函数。
如果==操作符在默认情况下不适用，您总是可以为对象重新定义__cmp__函数。
编辑:
如上所述，__cmp__函数自3.0起已弃用。 相反，你应该使用“丰富比较”方法。
在你的类中实现__eq__方法;就像这样:
def __eq__(self, other):
return self.path == other.path and self.title == other.title
编辑:如果你想让你的对象比较相等当且仅当它们有相等的实例字典:
def __eq__(self, other):
return self.__dict__ == other.__dict__
