我有一个类MyClass，它包含两个成员变量foo和bar:
class MyClass:
def __init__(self, foo, bar):
self.foo = foo
self.bar = bar
我有这个类的两个实例，每个实例都有相同的foo和bar值:
x = MyClass('foo', 'bar')
y = MyClass('foo', 'bar')
然而，当我比较它们是否相等时，Python返回False:
>>> x == y
False
我如何使python认为这两个对象相等?
当前回答
在你的类中实现__eq__方法;就像这样:
def __eq__(self, other):
return self.path == other.path and self.title == other.title
编辑:如果你想让你的对象比较相等当且仅当它们有相等的实例字典:
def __eq__(self, other):
return self.__dict__ == other.__dict__
其他回答
在你的类中实现__eq__方法;就像这样:
def __eq__(self, other):
return self.path == other.path and self.title == other.title
编辑:如果你想让你的对象比较相等当且仅当它们有相等的实例字典:
def __eq__(self, other):
return self.__dict__ == other.__dict__
如果你想逐个属性进行比较，并查看它是否以及在哪里失败，你可以使用下面的列表推导式:
[i for i,j in
zip([getattr(obj_1, attr) for attr in dir(obj_1)],
[getattr(obj_2, attr) for attr in dir(obj_2)])
if not i==j]
这里的额外优势是，当在PyCharm中调试时，您可以压缩一行并在“Evaluate Expression”窗口中输入。
总结如下:
It's advised to implement __eq__ rather than __cmp__, except if you run python <= 2.0 (__eq__ has been added in 2.1) Don't forget to also implement __ne__ (should be something like return not self.__eq__(other) or return not self == other except very special case) Don`t forget that the operator must be implemented in each custom class you want to compare (see example below). If you want to compare with object that can be None, you must implement it. The interpreter cannot guess it ... (see example below) class B(object): def __init__(self): self.name = "toto" def __eq__(self, other): if other is None: return False return self.name == other.name class A(object): def __init__(self): self.toto = "titi" self.b_inst = B() def __eq__(self, other): if other is None: return False return (self.toto, self.b_inst) == (other.toto, other.b_inst)
在Python 3.7(及以上版本)中的数据类中，对象实例的相等性比较是一个内置特性。
Python 3.6提供了数据类的后端端口。
(Py37) nsc@nsc-vbox:~$ python
Python 3.7.5 (default, Nov 7 2019, 10:50:52)
[GCC 8.3.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> from dataclasses import dataclass
>>> @dataclass
... class MyClass():
... foo: str
... bar: str
...
>>> x = MyClass(foo="foo", bar="bar")
>>> y = MyClass(foo="foo", bar="bar")
>>> x == y
True
我尝试了最初的示例(参见上面的7)，它在ipython中不起作用。注意，cmp(obj1,obj2)在使用两个相同的对象实例实现时返回“1”。奇怪的是，当我修改其中一个属性值并重新比较时，使用cmp(obj1,obj2)对象继续返回“1”。(叹息…)
好的，所以你需要做的是迭代两个对象，并使用==号比较每个属性。
