我如何编码和解码HTML实体使用JavaScript或JQuery?
var varTitle = "Chris' corner";
我希望它是:
var varTitle = "Chris' corner";
我如何编码和解码HTML实体使用JavaScript或JQuery?
var varTitle = "Chris' corner";
我希望它是:
var varTitle = "Chris' corner";
当前回答
为了在列表中添加另一个“受Robert K的启发”,这里是另一个不剥离HTML标签的安全版本。它不是通过HTML解析器运行整个字符串,而是只提取实体并转换它们。
var decodeEntities = (function() {
// this prevents any overhead from creating the object each time
var element = document.createElement('div');
// regular expression matching HTML entities
var entity = /&(?:#x[a-f0-9]+|#[0-9]+|[a-z0-9]+);?/ig;
return function decodeHTMLEntities(str) {
// find and replace all the html entities
str = str.replace(entity, function(m) {
element.innerHTML = m;
return element.textContent;
});
// reset the value
element.textContent = '';
return str;
}
})();
其他回答
这里有一个不需要创建div的快速方法,并解码“最常见的”HTML转义字符:
function decodeHTMLEntities(text) {
var entities = [
['amp', '&'],
['apos', '\''],
['#x27', '\''],
['#x2F', '/'],
['#39', '\''],
['#47', '/'],
['lt', '<'],
['gt', '>'],
['nbsp', ' '],
['quot', '"']
];
for (var i = 0, max = entities.length; i < max; ++i)
text = text.replace(new RegExp('&'+entities[i][0]+';', 'g'), entities[i][1]);
return text;
}
要做到这一点,在纯javascript没有jquery或预定义一切,你可以循环编码的html字符串通过元素innerHTML和innerText(/textContent)属性的每解码步骤,这是必需的:
<html>
<head>
<title>For every decode step, cycle through innerHTML and innerText </title>
<script>
function decode(str) {
var d = document.createElement("div");
d.innerHTML = str;
return typeof d.innerText !== 'undefined' ? d.innerText : d.textContent;
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<script>
var encodedString = "<p>name</p><p><span style=\"font-size:xx-small;\">ajde</span></p><p><em>da</em></p>";
</script>
<input type=button onclick="document.body.innerHTML=decode(encodedString)"/>
</body>
</html>
就像Robert K说的,不要使用jQuery.html().text()来解码html实体,因为这是不安全的,因为用户输入永远不能访问DOM。阅读关于XSS的文章,了解为什么这是不安全的。
相反,尝试使用带有escape和unescape方法的Underscore.js实用带库:
_.escape(string)
转义插入HTML的字符串,替换&,<,>,",',和'字符。
_.escape('Curly, Larry & Moe');
=> "Curly, Larry & Moe"
_.unescape(string)
escape的反义词,代替&, <, >, ", `和& # x27;和他们没有逃脱的同伴。
_.unescape('Curly, Larry & Moe');
=> "Curly, Larry & Moe"
要支持解码更多字符,只需复制下划线unescape方法并向映射添加更多字符。
因为@Robert K和@mattcasey都有很好的代码,我想在这里贡献一个CoffeeScript版本,以防将来有人会使用它:
String::unescape = (strict = false) ->
###
# Take escaped text, and return the unescaped version
#
# @param string str | String to be used
# @param bool strict | Stict mode will remove all HTML
#
# Test it here:
# https://jsfiddle.net/tigerhawkvok/t9pn1dn5/
#
# Code: https://gist.github.com/tigerhawkvok/285b8631ed6ebef4446d
###
# Create a dummy element
element = document.createElement("div")
decodeHTMLEntities = (str) ->
if str? and typeof str is "string"
unless strict is true
# escape HTML tags
str = escape(str).replace(/%26/g,'&').replace(/%23/g,'#').replace(/%3B/g,';')
else
str = str.replace(/<script[^>]*>([\S\s]*?)<\/script>/gmi, '')
str = str.replace(/<\/?\w(?:[^"'>]|"[^"]*"|'[^']*')*>/gmi, '')
element.innerHTML = str
if element.innerText
# Do we support innerText?
str = element.innerText
element.innerText = ""
else
# Firefox
str = element.textContent
element.textContent = ""
unescape(str)
# Remove encoded or double-encoded tags
fixHtmlEncodings = (string) ->
string = string.replace(/\&#/mg, '&#') # The rest, for double-encodings
string = string.replace(/\"/mg, '"')
string = string.replace(/\"e;/mg, '"')
string = string.replace(/\_/mg, '_')
string = string.replace(/\'/mg, "'")
string = string.replace(/\"/mg, '"')
string = string.replace(/\>/mg, '>')
string = string.replace(/\</mg, '<')
string
# Run it
tmp = fixHtmlEncodings(this)
decodeHTMLEntities(tmp)
请参阅https://jsfiddle.net/tigerhawkvok/t9pn1dn5/7/或https://gist.github.com/tigerhawkvok/285b8631ed6ebef4446d(包括编译过的JS,可能比这个答案更新了)
我知道我有点晚了,但我认为我可以提供以下片段作为我如何使用jQuery解码HTML实体的示例:
var varTitleE = "Chris' corner";
var varTitleD = $("<div/>").html(varTitleE).text();
console.log(varTitleE + " vs. " + varTitleD);
不要忘记启动检查器/firebug以查看控制台结果——或者简单地将console.log(…)替换为/alert(…)
也就是说,以下是我的控制台通过谷歌Chrome检查器读取的内容:
Chris' corner vs. Chris' corner