如何将SQLAlchemy行对象转换为Python字典?

是否有一种简单的方法来遍历列名和值对?

我的SQLAlchemy版本是0.5.6

下面是我尝试使用dict(row)的示例代码:

import sqlalchemy
from sqlalchemy import *
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker

print "sqlalchemy version:",sqlalchemy.__version__ 

engine = create_engine('sqlite:///:memory:', echo=False)
metadata = MetaData()
users_table = Table('users', metadata,
     Column('id', Integer, primary_key=True),
     Column('name', String),
)
metadata.create_all(engine) 

class User(declarative_base()):
    __tablename__ = 'users'
    
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = Column(String)
    
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name

Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine)
session = Session()

user1 = User("anurag")
session.add(user1)
session.commit()

# uncommenting next line throws exception 'TypeError: 'User' object is not iterable'
#print dict(user1)
# this one also throws 'TypeError: 'User' object is not iterable'
for u in session.query(User).all():
    print dict(u)

在我的系统输出上运行这段代码:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "untitled-1.py", line 37, in <module>
    print dict(u)
TypeError: 'User' object is not iterable

当前回答

行有一个_asdict()函数，它给出一个字典

In [8]: r1 = db.session.query(Topic.name).first()

In [9]: r1
Out[9]: (u'blah')

In [10]: r1.name
Out[10]: u'blah'

In [11]: r1._asdict()
Out[11]: {'name': u'blah'}

2014-01-09 19:53:55

其他回答

from sqlalchemy.orm import class_mapper

def asdict(obj):
    return dict((col.name, getattr(obj, col.name))
                for col in class_mapper(obj.__class__).mapped_table.c)

2010-03-16 13:24:01

Elixir是这样做的。这个解决方案的价值在于，它允许递归地包括关系的字典表示。

def to_dict(self, deep={}, exclude=[]):
    """Generate a JSON-style nested dict/list structure from an object."""
    col_prop_names = [p.key for p in self.mapper.iterate_properties \
                                  if isinstance(p, ColumnProperty)]
    data = dict([(name, getattr(self, name))
                 for name in col_prop_names if name not in exclude])
    for rname, rdeep in deep.iteritems():
        dbdata = getattr(self, rname)
        #FIXME: use attribute names (ie coltoprop) instead of column names
        fks = self.mapper.get_property(rname).remote_side
        exclude = [c.name for c in fks]
        if dbdata is None:
            data[rname] = None
        elif isinstance(dbdata, list):
            data[rname] = [o.to_dict(rdeep, exclude) for o in dbdata]
        else:
            data[rname] = dbdata.to_dict(rdeep, exclude)
    return data

2012-04-01 23:09:53

我对使用(太多?)字典的看法:

def serialize(_query):
#d = dictionary written to per row
#D = dictionary d is written to each time, then reset
#Master = dictionary of dictionaries; the id Key (int, unique from database) from D is used as the Key for the dictionary D entry in Master
Master = {}
D = {}
x = 0
for u in _query:
    d = u.__dict__
    D = {}
    for n in d.keys():
        if n != '_sa_instance_state':
            D[n] = d[n]
    x = d['id']
    Master[x] = D
return Master

使用flask(包括jsonify)和flask_sqlalchemy将输出打印为JSON。

使用jsonify(serialize())调用该函数。

与我迄今为止尝试过的所有SQLAlchemy查询一起工作(运行SQLite3)

2016-06-08 15:13:18

两种方式:

for row in session.execute(session.query(User).statement):
    print(dict(row))

selected_columns = User.__table__.columns
rows = session.query(User).with_entities(*selected_columns).all()
for row in rows :
    print(row._asdict())

2018-02-06 23:57:47

def to_dict(row):
    return {column.name: getattr(row, row.__mapper__.get_property_by_column(column).key) for column in row.__table__.columns}


for u in session.query(User).all():
    print(to_dict(u))

这个函数可能会有帮助。当属性名与列名不同时，我找不到更好的解决方案来解决问题。

2019-03-26 10:08:58

如何将SQLAlchemy行对象转换为Python字典?

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