如何将SQLAlchemy行对象转换为Python字典?

是否有一种简单的方法来遍历列名和值对?

我的SQLAlchemy版本是0.5.6

下面是我尝试使用dict(row)的示例代码:

import sqlalchemy
from sqlalchemy import *
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker

print "sqlalchemy version:",sqlalchemy.__version__ 

engine = create_engine('sqlite:///:memory:', echo=False)
metadata = MetaData()
users_table = Table('users', metadata,
     Column('id', Integer, primary_key=True),
     Column('name', String),
)
metadata.create_all(engine) 

class User(declarative_base()):
    __tablename__ = 'users'
    
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = Column(String)
    
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name

Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine)
session = Session()

user1 = User("anurag")
session.add(user1)
session.commit()

# uncommenting next line throws exception 'TypeError: 'User' object is not iterable'
#print dict(user1)
# this one also throws 'TypeError: 'User' object is not iterable'
for u in session.query(User).all():
    print dict(u)

在我的系统输出上运行这段代码:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "untitled-1.py", line 37, in <module>
    print dict(u)
TypeError: 'User' object is not iterable

当前回答

正如@balki提到的:

如果您正在查询特定的字段，可以使用_asdict()方法，因为它作为KeyedTuple返回。

In [1]: foo = db.session.query(Topic.name).first()
In [2]: foo._asdict()
Out[2]: {'name': u'blah'}

然而，如果您没有指定列，则可以使用其他建议的方法之一——例如@charlax提供的方法。注意，此方法仅对2.7+有效。

In [1]: foo = db.session.query(Topic).first()
In [2]: {x.name: getattr(foo, x.name) for x in foo.__table__.columns}
Out[2]: {'name': u'blah'}

2014-07-15 00:47:36

其他回答

为了大家和我自己，以下是我如何使用它:

def run_sql(conn_String):
  output_connection = engine.create_engine(conn_string, poolclass=NullPool).connect()
  rows = output_connection.execute('select * from db1.t1').fetchall()  
  return [dict(row) for row in rows]

2018-11-27 23:09:46

Elixir是这样做的。这个解决方案的价值在于，它允许递归地包括关系的字典表示。

def to_dict(self, deep={}, exclude=[]):
    """Generate a JSON-style nested dict/list structure from an object."""
    col_prop_names = [p.key for p in self.mapper.iterate_properties \
                                  if isinstance(p, ColumnProperty)]
    data = dict([(name, getattr(self, name))
                 for name in col_prop_names if name not in exclude])
    for rname, rdeep in deep.iteritems():
        dbdata = getattr(self, rname)
        #FIXME: use attribute names (ie coltoprop) instead of column names
        fks = self.mapper.get_property(rname).remote_side
        exclude = [c.name for c in fks]
        if dbdata is None:
            data[rname] = None
        elif isinstance(dbdata, list):
            data[rname] = [o.to_dict(rdeep, exclude) for o in dbdata]
        else:
            data[rname] = dbdata.to_dict(rdeep, exclude)
    return data

2012-04-01 23:09:53

你可以访问SQLAlchemy对象的内部__dict__，如下所示:

for u in session.query(User).all():
    print u.__dict__

2012-04-29 06:31:44

def to_dict(row):
    return {column.name: getattr(row, row.__mapper__.get_property_by_column(column).key) for column in row.__table__.columns}


for u in session.query(User).all():
    print(to_dict(u))

这个函数可能会有帮助。当属性名与列名不同时，我找不到更好的解决方案来解决问题。

2019-03-26 10:08:58

@zzzeek在评论中写道:

注意，这是现代版本的正确答案 SQLAlchemy，假设“row”是核心行对象，而不是orm映射对象实例。

for row in resultproxy:
    row_as_dict = row._mapping  # SQLAlchemy 1.4 and greater
    # row_as_dict = dict(row)  # SQLAlchemy 1.3 and earlier

行背景。_mapping, SQLAlchemy 1.4新增:https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/stable/core/connections.html#sqlalchemy.engine.Row._mapping

2009-12-24 12:45:04

如何将SQLAlchemy行对象转换为Python字典?

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