最简单的方法是：

lines = list(open('filename'))

or

lines = tuple(open('filename'))

or

lines = set(open('filename'))

在set的情况下，我们必须记住，我们没有保留行顺序，并删除重复的行。

下面我添加了@MarkAmery的一个重要补充：

由于您既没有在文件对象上调用.close，也没有使用with语句，因此在某些Python实现中，文件在读取后可能不会关闭，您的进程将泄漏打开的文件句柄。在CPython（大多数人使用的普通Python实现）中，这不是问题，因为文件对象将立即被垃圾收集，这将关闭文件，但通常认为最好的做法是：

with open('filename') as f: lines = list(f) 

以确保无论您使用的是什么Python实现，文件都会被关闭。

f = open("your_file.txt",'r')
out = f.readlines() # will append in the list out

现在，变量out是您想要的列表（数组）。您可以选择：

for line in out:
    print (line)

Or:

for line in f:
    print (line)

你会得到同样的结果。

根据Python的文件对象方法，将文本文件转换为列表的最简单方法是：

with open('file.txt') as f:
    my_list = list(f)
    # my_list = [x.rstrip() for x in f] # remove line breaks

演示

如果只需要遍历文本文件行，可以使用：

with open('file.txt') as f:
    for line in f:
       ...

旧答案：

使用with和readline（）：

with open('file.txt') as f:
    lines = f.readlines()

如果您不关心关闭文件，这一行程序将起作用：

lines = open('file.txt').readlines()

传统方式：

f = open('file.txt') # Open file on read mode
lines = f.read().splitlines() # List with stripped line-breaks
f.close() # Close file

具有文本文件内容：

line 1
line 2
line 3

我们可以在上面txt的同一目录中使用此Python脚本

>>> with open("myfile.txt", encoding="utf-8") as file:
...     x = [l.rstrip("\n") for l in file]
>>> x
['line 1','line 2','line 3']

使用追加：

x = []
with open("myfile.txt") as file:
    for l in file:
        x.append(l.strip())

Or:

>>> x = open("myfile.txt").read().splitlines()
>>> x
['line 1', 'line 2', 'line 3']

Or:

>>> x = open("myfile.txt").readlines()
>>> x
['linea 1\n', 'line 2\n', 'line 3\n']

Or:

def print_output(lines_in_textfile):
    print("lines_in_textfile =", lines_in_textfile)

y = [x.rstrip() for x in open("001.txt")]
print_output(y)

with open('001.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
    file = file.read().splitlines()
    print_output(file)

with open('001.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
    file = [x.rstrip("\n") for x in file]
    print_output(file)

输出：

lines_in_textfile = ['line 1', 'line 2', 'line 3']
lines_in_textfile = ['line 1', 'line 2', 'line 3']
lines_in_textfile = ['line 1', 'line 2', 'line 3']

命令行版本

#!/bin/python3
import os
import sys
abspath = os.path.abspath(__file__)
dname = os.path.dirname(abspath)
filename = dname + sys.argv[1]
arr = open(filename).read().split("\n") 
print(arr)

运行方式：

python3 somefile.py input_file_name.txt

下面是我用来简化文件I/O的Python（3）助手库类：

import os

# handle files using a callback method, prevents repetition
def _FileIO__file_handler(file_path, mode, callback = lambda f: None):
  f = open(file_path, mode)
  try:
    return callback(f)
  except Exception as e:
    raise IOError("Failed to %s file" % ["write to", "read from"][mode.lower() in "r rb r+".split(" ")])
  finally:
    f.close()


class FileIO:
  # return the contents of a file
  def read(file_path, mode = "r"):
    return __file_handler(file_path, mode, lambda rf: rf.read())

  # get the lines of a file
  def lines(file_path, mode = "r", filter_fn = lambda line: len(line) > 0):
    return [line for line in FileIO.read(file_path, mode).strip().split("\n") if filter_fn(line)]

  # create or update a file (NOTE: can also be used to replace a file's original content)
  def write(file_path, new_content, mode = "w"):
    return __file_handler(file_path, mode, lambda wf: wf.write(new_content))

  # delete a file (if it exists)
  def delete(file_path):
    return os.remove() if os.path.isfile(file_path) else None

然后使用FileIO.lines函数，如下所示：

file_ext_lines = FileIO.lines("./path/to/file.ext"):
for i, line in enumerate(file_ext_lines):
  print("Line {}: {}".format(i + 1, line))

请记住，mode（默认为“r”）和filter_fn（默认为检查空行）参数是可选的。

您甚至可以删除read、write和delete方法，只保留FileIO.line，甚至将其转换为一个单独的方法read_lines。