下面的代码将等待所有计算的完成，并在任何doccalculation失败时返回退出状态1。

#!/bin/bash
for i in $(seq 0 9); do
   (doCalculations $i >&2 & wait %1; echo $?) &
done | grep -qv 0 && exit 1

下面是我的版本，适用于多个pid，如果执行时间过长，则记录警告，如果执行时间超过给定值，则停止子进程。

[编辑]我已经在https://github.com/deajan/ofunctions上传了我的WaitForTaskCompletion的新实现，称为ExecTasks。 还有一个用于WaitForTaskCompletion的compat层 (/编辑)

function WaitForTaskCompletion {
    local pids="${1}" # pids to wait for, separated by semi-colon
    local soft_max_time="${2}" # If execution takes longer than $soft_max_time seconds, will log a warning, unless $soft_max_time equals 0.
    local hard_max_time="${3}" # If execution takes longer than $hard_max_time seconds, will stop execution, unless $hard_max_time equals 0.
    local caller_name="${4}" # Who called this function
    local exit_on_error="${5:-false}" # Should the function exit program on subprocess errors       

    Logger "${FUNCNAME[0]} called by [$caller_name]."

    local soft_alert=0 # Does a soft alert need to be triggered, if yes, send an alert once 
    local log_ttime=0 # local time instance for comparaison

    local seconds_begin=$SECONDS # Seconds since the beginning of the script
    local exec_time=0 # Seconds since the beginning of this function

    local retval=0 # return value of monitored pid process
    local errorcount=0 # Number of pids that finished with errors

    local pidCount # number of given pids

    IFS=';' read -a pidsArray <<< "$pids"
    pidCount=${#pidsArray[@]}

    while [ ${#pidsArray[@]} -gt 0 ]; do
        newPidsArray=()
        for pid in "${pidsArray[@]}"; do
            if kill -0 $pid > /dev/null 2>&1; then
                newPidsArray+=($pid)
            else
                wait $pid
                result=$?
                if [ $result -ne 0 ]; then
                    errorcount=$((errorcount+1))
                    Logger "${FUNCNAME[0]} called by [$caller_name] finished monitoring [$pid] with exitcode [$result]."
                fi
            fi
        done

        ## Log a standby message every hour
        exec_time=$(($SECONDS - $seconds_begin))
        if [ $((($exec_time + 1) % 3600)) -eq 0 ]; then
            if [ $log_ttime -ne $exec_time ]; then
                log_ttime=$exec_time
                Logger "Current tasks still running with pids [${pidsArray[@]}]."
            fi
        fi

        if [ $exec_time -gt $soft_max_time ]; then
            if [ $soft_alert -eq 0 ] && [ $soft_max_time -ne 0 ]; then
                Logger "Max soft execution time exceeded for task [$caller_name] with pids [${pidsArray[@]}]."
                soft_alert=1
                SendAlert

            fi
            if [ $exec_time -gt $hard_max_time ] && [ $hard_max_time -ne 0 ]; then
                Logger "Max hard execution time exceeded for task [$caller_name] with pids [${pidsArray[@]}]. Stopping task execution."
                kill -SIGTERM $pid
                if [ $? == 0 ]; then
                    Logger "Task stopped successfully"
                else
                    errrorcount=$((errorcount+1))
                fi
            fi
        fi

        pidsArray=("${newPidsArray[@]}")
        sleep 1
    done

    Logger "${FUNCNAME[0]} ended for [$caller_name] using [$pidCount] subprocesses with [$errorcount] errors."
    if [ $exit_on_error == true ] && [ $errorcount -gt 0 ]; then
        Logger "Stopping execution."
        exit 1337
    else
        return $errorcount
    fi
}

# Just a plain stupid logging function to be replaced by yours
function Logger {
    local value="${1}"

    echo $value
}

例如，等待所有三个进程完成，如果执行时间超过5秒，则记录警告，如果执行时间超过120秒，则停止所有进程。不要在失败时退出程序。

function something {

    sleep 10 &
    pids="$!"
    sleep 12 &
    pids="$pids;$!"
    sleep 9 &
    pids="$pids;$!"

    WaitForTaskCompletion $pids 5 120 ${FUNCNAME[0]} false
}
# Launch the function
someting
    

我看到这里列出了很多很好的例子，我也想把我的举出来。

#! /bin/bash

items="1 2 3 4 5 6"
pids=""

for item in $items; do
    sleep $item &
    pids+="$! "
done

for pid in $pids; do
    wait $pid
    if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
        echo "SUCCESS - Job $pid exited with a status of $?"
    else
        echo "FAILED - Job $pid exited with a status of $?"
    fi
done

我使用非常类似的方法并行启动/停止服务器/服务，并检查每个退出状态。对我来说很好。希望这能帮助到一些人!

我想运行doCalculations;echo $ ?”>>/tmp/acc在一个子shell中被发送到后台，然后等待，然后/tmp/acc将包含退出状态，每行一个。不过，我不知道多个进程附加到累加器文件的任何后果。

下面是这个建议的一个例子:

文件:doCalcualtions

#!/bin/sh

random -e 20
sleep $?
random -e 10

文件:

#!/bin/sh

rm /tmp/acc

for i in $( seq 0 20 ) 
do
        ( ./doCalculations "$i"; echo "$?" >>/tmp/acc ) &
done

wait

cat /tmp/acc | fmt
rm /tmp/acc

running ./try的输出

5 1 9 6 8 1 2 0 9 6 5 9 6 0 0 4 9 5 5 9 8

等待所有作业并返回最后一个失败作业的退出码。与上面的解决方案不同，这不需要保存pid，也不需要修改脚本的内部循环。走开，等着吧。

function wait_ex {
    # this waits for all jobs and returns the exit code of the last failing job
    ecode=0
    while true; do
        [ -z "$(jobs)" ] && break
        wait -n
        err="$?"
        [ "$err" != "0" ] && ecode="$err"
    done
    return $ecode
}

编辑:修正了脚本运行不存在的命令时可能被愚弄的错误。

我有一个类似的情况，但有各种各样的问题与循环子shell，确保这里的其他解决方案不能工作，所以我让我的循环编写脚本，我将运行，等待结束。有效:

#!/bin/bash
echo > tmpscript.sh
for i in `seq 0 9`; do
    echo "doCalculations $i &" >> tmpscript.sh
done
echo "wait" >> tmpscript.sh
chmod u+x tmpscript.sh
./tmpscript.sh

愚蠢，但简单，并帮助调试一些事后的事情。

如果我有时间，我会更深入地了解GNU并行，但这对我自己的“doCalculations”过程来说很困难。