实现这个函数的更好方法是:

function RandomString($length) {
    $keys = array_merge(range(0,9), range('a', 'z'));

    $key = "";
    for($i=0; $i < $length; $i++) {
        $key .= $keys[mt_rand(0, count($keys) - 1)];
    }
    return $key;
}

echo RandomString(20);

mt_rand在PHP 7中更加随机。rand函数是mt_rand的别名。

PHP生成随机字符的函数

这个PHP函数为我工作:

function cvf_ps_generate_random_code($length=10) {

   $string = '';
   // You can define your own characters here.
   $characters = "23456789ABCDEFHJKLMNPRTVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";

   for ($p = 0; $p < $length; $p++) {
       $string .= $characters[mt_rand(0, strlen($characters)-1)];
   }

   return $string;

}

用法:

echo cvf_ps_generate_random_code(5);

一条线的解决方案是

str_shuffle(base64_encode(date('mdyhis').date('mdyhis')));

我已经测试了那里最流行的函数的性能，在我的盒子上生成1 000 000个32个符号的字符串所需的时间是:

2.5 $s = substr(str_shuffle(str_repeat($x='0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ', ceil($length/strlen($x)) )),1,32);
1.9 $s = base64_encode(openssl_random_pseudo_bytes(24));
1.68 $s = bin2hex(openssl_random_pseudo_bytes(16));
0.63 $s = base64_encode(random_bytes(24));
0.62 $s = bin2hex(random_bytes(16));
0.37 $s = substr(md5(rand()), 0, 32);
0.37 $s = substr(md5(mt_rand()), 0, 32);

请注意，它到底有多长并不重要，重要的是哪个更慢，哪个更快，因此您可以根据您的要求进行选择，包括密码准备等。

如果需要小于32个字符的字符串，则在MD5周围添加substr()以保证准确性。

为了回答:字符串没有被连接，而是被覆盖，函数的结果没有被存储。

一个完整的解决方案(课程加测试)，部分基于上面的一些建议…

class TokenFactory
{
    private const LENGTH = 12;
    private const ALLOWED = '123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ~!@#$%^&*{}';
    private const MIN_NUMBER_OF_DIGITS = 1;
    private const MIN_NUMBER_OF_CAPS = 1;
    private const MIN_NUMBER_OF_SPECIALS = 1;
    private const MIN_NUMBER_OF_LETTERS = 1;

    /**
     * @return string
     * @throws \Exception
     */
    public function make(): string
    {
        $pass = $this->generateToken();

        if ($this->isTokenValid($pass)) {
            return $pass;
        } else {
            return $this->make();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @return string
     * @throws \Exception
     */
    private function generateToken(): string
    {
        $allowedCharacters = self::ALLOWED;
        $token              = '';
        $max               = mb_strlen($allowedCharacters, '8bit') - 1;
        for ($i = 0; $i < self::LENGTH; ++$i) {
            $token .= $allowedCharacters[random_int(0, $max)];
        }
        return $token;
    }

    /**
     * @param $token
     * @return bool
     */
    private function isTokenValid($token): bool
    {
        $numberOfDigits   = preg_match_all("/[0-9]/", $token);
        $numberOfCaps     = preg_match_all("/[A-Z]/", $token);
        $numberOfSpecials = preg_match_all("/[~!@#\$%^&*{}]/", $token);
        $numberOfLetters  = preg_match_all("/[a-z]/", $token);

        return
            $numberOfDigits > self::MIN_NUMBER_OF_DIGITS
            && $numberOfCaps > self::MIN_NUMBER_OF_CAPS
            && $numberOfSpecials > self::MIN_NUMBER_OF_SPECIALS
            && $numberOfLetters > self::MIN_NUMBER_OF_LETTERS
            ;
    }
}

class TokenFactoryTest
{
    public function test_correct_syntax()
    {
        /**
         * Arrange
         */
        $length = 12;
        $numberOfChecks = 1000;

        /**
         * Act & Assert
         */
        $class = new TokenFactory();

        $i = 0;
        while ($i < $numberOfChecks) {
            $generatedToken = $class->make();

            $numberOfDigits = preg_match_all( "/[0-9]/", $generatedToken );
            $numberOfCaps = preg_match_all( "/[A-Z]/", $generatedToken );
            $numberOfSpecials   = preg_match_all("/[~!@#\$%^&*{}]/", $generatedToken);
            $numberOfLetters   = preg_match_all("/[a-z]/", $generatedToken);

            Assert::assertEquals($length, strlen($generatedToken));
            Assert::assertTrue($numberOfDigits >= 1, 'Digit error: ' . $generatedToken);
            Assert::assertTrue($numberOfCaps >= 1, 'Caps error: ' . $generatedToken);
            Assert::assertTrue($numberOfSpecials >= 1, 'Specials error: ' . $generatedToken);
            Assert::assertTrue($numberOfLetters >= 1, 'Letters error: ' . $generatedToken);

            $i++;
        }
    }
}

顺便说一句，请确保在适合您需要的地方捕获该异常!

在PHP中生成随机字符串的另一种方法是:

function RandomString($length) {
    $original_string = array_merge(range(0,9), range('a','z'), range('A', 'Z'));
    $original_string = implode("", $original_string);
    return substr(str_shuffle($original_string), 0, $length);
}
echo RandomString(6);