很多答案都忽略了一点(至少在Windows中)，如果ping命令收到“目标主机不可达”的回复，它将返回0(表示成功)。

下面是我的代码，它检查b' ttl ='是否在响应中，因为它只在ping到达主机时才出现。注意:此代码的大部分是基于这里的其他答案。

import platform
import subprocess

def ping(ipAddr, timeout=100):
    '''
    Send a ping packet to the specified host, using the system ping command.
    Accepts ipAddr as string for the ping destination.
    Accepts timeout in ms for the ping timeout.
    Returns True if ping succeeds otherwise Returns False.
        Ping succeeds if it returns 0 and the output includes b'TTL='
    '''
    if platform.system().lower() == 'windows':
        numFlag = '-n'
    else:
        numFlag = '-c'
    completedPing = subprocess.run(['ping', numFlag, '1', '-w', str(timeout), ipAddr],
                                   stdout=subprocess.PIPE,    # Capture standard out
                                   stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)  # Capture standard error
    # print(completedPing.stdout)
    return (completedPing.returncode == 0) and (b'TTL=' in completedPing.stdout)

print(ping('google.com'))

注意:这将捕获输出而不是打印输出，因此如果您希望看到ping的输出，则需要打印completedPing。返回前的Stdout。

我有类似的要求，所以我实现它如下所示。它在Windows 64位和Linux上进行了测试。

import subprocess
def systemCommand(Command):
    Output = ""
    Error = ""     
    try:
        Output = subprocess.check_output(Command,stderr = subprocess.STDOUT,shell='True')
    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
        #Invalid command raises this exception
        Error =  e.output 

    if Output:
        Stdout = Output.split("\n")
    else:
        Stdout = []
    if Error:
        Stderr = Error.split("\n")
    else:
        Stderr = []

    return (Stdout,Stderr)

#in main
Host = "ip to ping"
NoOfPackets = 2
Timeout = 5000 #in milliseconds
#Command for windows
Command = 'ping -n {0} -w {1} {2}'.format(NoOfPackets,Timeout,Host)
#Command for linux 
#Command = 'ping -c {0} -w {1} {2}'.format(NoOfPackets,Timeout,Host)
Stdout,Stderr = systemCommand(Command)
if Stdout:
   print("Host [{}] is reachable.".format(Host))
else:
   print("Host [{}] is unreachable.".format(Host))

当IP不可达时，subprocess.check_output()将引发异常。额外的验证可以通过从输出行“Packets: Sent = 2, Received = 2, Lost = 0 (0% loss)”中提取信息来完成。

有一个名为pyping的模块可以做到这一点。可以用pip安装

pip install pyping

它使用起来非常简单，但是，当使用这个模块时，您需要root访问权限，因为它在底层制作原始数据包。

import pyping

r = pyping.ping('google.com')

if r.ret_code == 0:
    print("Success")
else:
    print("Failed with {}".format(r.ret_code))

我的版本的ping函数:

适用于Python 3.5及更高版本，适用于Windows和Linux。 在Windows上，如果ping命令失败且“目标主机不可达”，则返回False。 并且不显示任何输出，无论是弹出窗口还是命令行。

import platform, subprocess

def ping(host_or_ip, packets=1, timeout=1000):
    ''' Calls system "ping" command, returns True if ping succeeds.
    Required parameter: host_or_ip (str, address of host to ping)
    Optional parameters: packets (int, number of retries), timeout (int, ms to wait for response)
    Does not show any output, either as popup window or in command line.
    Python 3.5+, Windows and Linux compatible
    '''
    # The ping command is the same for Windows and Linux, except for the "number of packets" flag.
    if platform.system().lower() == 'windows':
        command = ['ping', '-n', str(packets), '-w', str(timeout), host_or_ip]
        # run parameters: capture output, discard error messages, do not show window
        result = subprocess.run(command, stdin=subprocess.DEVNULL, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL, creationflags=0x08000000)
        # 0x0800000 is a windows-only Popen flag to specify that a new process will not create a window.
        # On Python 3.7+, you can use a subprocess constant:
        #   result = subprocess.run(command, capture_output=True, creationflags=subprocess.CREATE_NO_WINDOW)
        # On windows 7+, ping returns 0 (ok) when host is not reachable; to be sure host is responding,
        # we search the text "TTL=" on the command output. If it's there, the ping really had a response.
        return result.returncode == 0 and b'TTL=' in result.stdout
    else:
        command = ['ping', '-c', str(packets), '-w', str(timeout), host_or_ip]
        # run parameters: discard output and error messages
        result = subprocess.run(command, stdin=subprocess.DEVNULL, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL)
        return result.returncode == 0

你想怎么用就怎么用。

  1 #!/usr/bin/python
  2
  3 import os
  4 import sys
  5 import time
  6
  7 os.system("clear")
  8 home_network = "172.16.23."
  9 mine = []
 10
 11 for i in range(1, 256):
 12         z =  home_network + str(i)
 13         result = os.system("ping -c 1 "+ str(z))
 14         os.system("clear")
 15         if result == 0:
 16                 mine.append(z)
 17
 18 for j in mine:
 19         print "host ", j ," is up"

一个简单的我只是在一分钟内煮出来的..使用icmplib需要根privs下面的工作非常好! HTH

使用python3中的套接字包:

import socket

def ping_server(server: str, port: int, timeout=3):
    """ping server"""
    try:
        socket.setdefaulttimeout(timeout)
        s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        s.connect((server, port))
    except OSError as error:
        return False
    else:
        s.close()
        return True