如何使用PHP获取客户端IP地址?
我想通过他/她的IP地址登录到我的网站的用户的记录。
当前回答
这可以通过使用名为$_SERVER的GLOBAL变量来简单地完成。
$_SERVER是一个属性名为REMOTE_ADDR的数组。
就像这样分配它:
$userIp = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
或者直接使用它像echo $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']; 或者echo ($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']);
其他回答
以下是我发现的最先进的方法，我在过去已经尝试过其他一些方法。确保获得访问者的IP地址是有效的(但请注意，任何黑客都很容易伪造IP地址)。
function get_ip_address() {
// Check for shared Internet/ISP IP
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP']) && validate_ip($_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'])) {
return $_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'];
}
// Check for IP addresses passing through proxies
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'])) {
// Check if multiple IP addresses exist in var
if (strpos($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'], ',') !== false) {
$iplist = explode(',', $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']);
foreach ($iplist as $ip) {
if (validate_ip($ip))
return $ip;
}
}
else {
if (validate_ip($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'];
}
}
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED']) && validate_ip($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED'];
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP']) && validate_ip($_SERVER['HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP'];
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR']) && validate_ip($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR'];
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED']) && validate_ip($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED'];
// Return unreliable IP address since all else failed
return $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
}
/**
* Ensures an IP address is both a valid IP address and does not fall within
* a private network range.
*/
function validate_ip($ip) {
if (strtolower($ip) === 'unknown')
return false;
// Generate IPv4 network address
$ip = ip2long($ip);
// If the IP address is set and not equivalent to 255.255.255.255
if ($ip !== false && $ip !== -1) {
// Make sure to get unsigned long representation of IP address
// due to discrepancies between 32 and 64 bit OSes and
// signed numbers (ints default to signed in PHP)
$ip = sprintf('%u', $ip);
// Do private network range checking
if ($ip >= 0 && $ip <= 50331647)
return false;
if ($ip >= 167772160 && $ip <= 184549375)
return false;
if ($ip >= 2130706432 && $ip <= 2147483647)
return false;
if ($ip >= 2851995648 && $ip <= 2852061183)
return false;
if ($ip >= 2886729728 && $ip <= 2887778303)
return false;
if ($ip >= 3221225984 && $ip <= 3221226239)
return false;
if ($ip >= 3232235520 && $ip <= 3232301055)
return false;
if ($ip >= 4294967040)
return false;
}
return true;
}
我使用了其他答案之一，并添加了一些额外的东西，如CloudFlare代理和NGINX代理检测。
/**
* Gets, validates and returns the connecting client's IP
*/
function getClientIP(){
// Get real visitor IP behind CloudFlare network
if (!empty($_SERVER["HTTP_CF_CONNECTING_IP"]) && validateIP($_SERVER['HTTP_CF_CONNECTING_IP'])) {
return $_SERVER["HTTP_CF_CONNECTING_IP"];
}
// Get real visitor IP behind NGINX proxy - https://easyengine.io/tutorials/nginx/forwarding-visitors-real-ip/
if (!empty($_SERVER["HTTP_X_REAL_IP"]) && validateIP($_SERVER['HTTP_X_REAL_IP'])) {
return $_SERVER["HTTP_X_REAL_IP"];
}
// Check for shared Internet/ISP IP
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP']) && validateIP($_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'])) {
return $_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'];
}
// Check for IP addresses passing through proxies
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'])) {
// Check if multiple IP addresses exist in var
if (strpos($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'], ',') !== false) {
$iplist = explode(',', $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']);
foreach ($iplist as $ip) {
if (validateIP($ip))
return $ip;
}
}
else {
if (validateIP($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'];
}
}
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED']) && validateIP($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED'];
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP']) && validateIP($_SERVER['HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP'];
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR']) && validateIP($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR'];
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED']) && validateIP($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED'];
// Return unreliable IP address since all else failed
return $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
}
/**
* Ensures an IP address is both a valid IP address and does not fall within
* a private network range.
*/
function validateIP($ip) {
if (strtolower($ip) === 'unknown')
return false;
// Generate IPv4 network address
$ip = ip2long($ip);
// Do additional filtering on IP
if(!filter_var($ip, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP))
return false;
// If the IP address is set and not equivalent to 255.255.255.255
if ($ip !== false && $ip !== -1) {
// Make sure to get unsigned long representation of IP address
// due to discrepancies between 32 and 64 bit OSes and
// signed numbers (ints default to signed in PHP)
$ip = sprintf('%u', $ip);
// Do private network range checking
if ($ip >= 0 && $ip <= 50331647)
return false;
if ($ip >= 167772160 && $ip <= 184549375)
return false;
if ($ip >= 2130706432 && $ip <= 2147483647)
return false;
if ($ip >= 2851995648 && $ip <= 2852061183)
return false;
if ($ip >= 2886729728 && $ip <= 2887778303)
return false;
if ($ip >= 3221225984 && $ip <= 3221226239)
return false;
if ($ip >= 3232235520 && $ip <= 3232301055)
return false;
if ($ip >= 4294967040)
return false;
}
return true;
}
我在生产节点中使用它，它工作得很好。由于大部分代码来自这里，我已经在GNU @ https://github.com/d3vdigital/whatsmyip-node下发布了一个节点
它应该包含在$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']变量中。
互联网背后有不同类型的用户，因此我们希望从不同的部分捕获IP地址。这些都是:
1. $ _SERVER [' REMOTE_ADDR '] - 其中包含客户端的真实IP地址。这是您可以从用户那里找到的最可靠的值。
2. $ _SERVER [' REMOTE_HOST '] - 这将获取用户正在查看当前页面的主机名。但是要使这个脚本工作，必须在httpd.conf中配置主机名查找。
3.$ _SERVER [' HTTP_CLIENT_IP '] - 当用户来自共享Internet服务时，这将获取IP地址。
4. $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'] -这将从用户获取IP地址时，他/她是后面的代理。
所以我们可以用下面这个组合函数从不同位置观看的用户那里得到真实的IP地址，
// Function to get the user IP address
function getUserIP() {
$ipaddress = '';
if (isset($_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP']))
$ipaddress = $_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'];
else if(isset($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']))
$ipaddress = $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'];
else if(isset($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED']))
$ipaddress = $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED'];
else if(isset($_SERVER['HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP']))
$ipaddress = $_SERVER['HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP'];
else if(isset($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR']))
$ipaddress = $_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR'];
else if(isset($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED']))
$ipaddress = $_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED'];
else if(isset($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']))
$ipaddress = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
else
$ipaddress = 'UNKNOWN';
return $ipaddress;
}
快速解决方案(无错误)
function getClientIP():string
{
$keys=array('HTTP_CLIENT_IP','HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR','HTTP_X_FORWARDED','HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR','HTTP_FORWARDED','REMOTE_ADDR');
foreach($keys as $k)
{
if (!empty($_SERVER[$k]) && filter_var($_SERVER[$k], FILTER_VALIDATE_IP))
{
return $_SERVER[$k];
}
}
return "UNKNOWN";
}
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