如何使用PHP获取客户端IP地址?
我想通过他/她的IP地址登录到我的网站的用户的记录。
当前回答
无论您做什么，请确保不要信任从客户端发送的数据。$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']包含连接方的真实IP地址。这是你能找到的最可靠的值。
然而，它们可能在代理服务器的后面，在这种情况下，代理可能已经设置了$_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']，但这个值很容易被欺骗。例如，它可以由没有代理的人设置，或者IP可以是来自代理后面LAN的内部IP。
这意味着如果您要保存$_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']，请确保您也保存$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']值。例如，将两个值保存在数据库的不同字段中。
如果要将IP保存为字符串到数据库，请确保至少有45个字符的空间。IPv6将继续存在，这些地址比旧的IPv4地址更大。
(请注意，IPv6通常最多使用39个字符，但IPv4地址也有一个特殊的IPv6符号，其完整形式最多可达45个字符。所以如果你知道你在做什么，你可以使用39个字符，但如果你只是想设置并忘记它，请使用45)。
其他回答
这个函数应该能正常工作
function Get_User_Ip()
{
$IP = false;
if (getenv('HTTP_CLIENT_IP'))
{
$IP = getenv('HTTP_CLIENT_IP');
}
else if(getenv('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'))
{
$IP = getenv('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR');
}
else if(getenv('HTTP_X_FORWARDED'))
{
$IP = getenv('HTTP_X_FORWARDED');
}
else if(getenv('HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR'))
{
$IP = getenv('HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR');
}
else if(getenv('HTTP_FORWARDED'))
{
$IP = getenv('HTTP_FORWARDED');
}
else if(getenv('REMOTE_ADDR'))
{
$IP = getenv('REMOTE_ADDR');
}
//If HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR == server ip
if((($IP) && ($IP == getenv('SERVER_ADDR')) && (getenv('REMOTE_ADDR')) || (!filter_var($IP, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP))))
{
$IP = getenv('REMOTE_ADDR');
}
if($IP)
{
if(!filter_var($IP, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP))
{
$IP = false;
}
}
else
{
$IP = false;
}
return $IP;
}
它应该包含在$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']变量中。
echo $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
http://php.net/manual/en/reserved.variables.server.php
以下是我发现的最先进的方法，我在过去已经尝试过其他一些方法。确保获得访问者的IP地址是有效的(但请注意，任何黑客都很容易伪造IP地址)。
function get_ip_address() {
// Check for shared Internet/ISP IP
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP']) && validate_ip($_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'])) {
return $_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'];
}
// Check for IP addresses passing through proxies
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'])) {
// Check if multiple IP addresses exist in var
if (strpos($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'], ',') !== false) {
$iplist = explode(',', $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']);
foreach ($iplist as $ip) {
if (validate_ip($ip))
return $ip;
}
}
else {
if (validate_ip($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'];
}
}
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED']) && validate_ip($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED'];
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP']) && validate_ip($_SERVER['HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP'];
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR']) && validate_ip($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR'];
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED']) && validate_ip($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED'];
// Return unreliable IP address since all else failed
return $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
}
/**
* Ensures an IP address is both a valid IP address and does not fall within
* a private network range.
*/
function validate_ip($ip) {
if (strtolower($ip) === 'unknown')
return false;
// Generate IPv4 network address
$ip = ip2long($ip);
// If the IP address is set and not equivalent to 255.255.255.255
if ($ip !== false && $ip !== -1) {
// Make sure to get unsigned long representation of IP address
// due to discrepancies between 32 and 64 bit OSes and
// signed numbers (ints default to signed in PHP)
$ip = sprintf('%u', $ip);
// Do private network range checking
if ($ip >= 0 && $ip <= 50331647)
return false;
if ($ip >= 167772160 && $ip <= 184549375)
return false;
if ($ip >= 2130706432 && $ip <= 2147483647)
return false;
if ($ip >= 2851995648 && $ip <= 2852061183)
return false;
if ($ip >= 2886729728 && $ip <= 2887778303)
return false;
if ($ip >= 3221225984 && $ip <= 3221226239)
return false;
if ($ip >= 3232235520 && $ip <= 3232301055)
return false;
if ($ip >= 4294967040)
return false;
}
return true;
}
我使用了其他答案之一，并添加了一些额外的东西，如CloudFlare代理和NGINX代理检测。
/**
* Gets, validates and returns the connecting client's IP
*/
function getClientIP(){
// Get real visitor IP behind CloudFlare network
if (!empty($_SERVER["HTTP_CF_CONNECTING_IP"]) && validateIP($_SERVER['HTTP_CF_CONNECTING_IP'])) {
return $_SERVER["HTTP_CF_CONNECTING_IP"];
}
// Get real visitor IP behind NGINX proxy - https://easyengine.io/tutorials/nginx/forwarding-visitors-real-ip/
if (!empty($_SERVER["HTTP_X_REAL_IP"]) && validateIP($_SERVER['HTTP_X_REAL_IP'])) {
return $_SERVER["HTTP_X_REAL_IP"];
}
// Check for shared Internet/ISP IP
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP']) && validateIP($_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'])) {
return $_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'];
}
// Check for IP addresses passing through proxies
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'])) {
// Check if multiple IP addresses exist in var
if (strpos($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'], ',') !== false) {
$iplist = explode(',', $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']);
foreach ($iplist as $ip) {
if (validateIP($ip))
return $ip;
}
}
else {
if (validateIP($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'];
}
}
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED']) && validateIP($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED'];
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP']) && validateIP($_SERVER['HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP'];
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR']) && validateIP($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR'];
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED']) && validateIP($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED'];
// Return unreliable IP address since all else failed
return $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
}
/**
* Ensures an IP address is both a valid IP address and does not fall within
* a private network range.
*/
function validateIP($ip) {
if (strtolower($ip) === 'unknown')
return false;
// Generate IPv4 network address
$ip = ip2long($ip);
// Do additional filtering on IP
if(!filter_var($ip, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP))
return false;
// If the IP address is set and not equivalent to 255.255.255.255
if ($ip !== false && $ip !== -1) {
// Make sure to get unsigned long representation of IP address
// due to discrepancies between 32 and 64 bit OSes and
// signed numbers (ints default to signed in PHP)
$ip = sprintf('%u', $ip);
// Do private network range checking
if ($ip >= 0 && $ip <= 50331647)
return false;
if ($ip >= 167772160 && $ip <= 184549375)
return false;
if ($ip >= 2130706432 && $ip <= 2147483647)
return false;
if ($ip >= 2851995648 && $ip <= 2852061183)
return false;
if ($ip >= 2886729728 && $ip <= 2887778303)
return false;
if ($ip >= 3221225984 && $ip <= 3221226239)
return false;
if ($ip >= 3232235520 && $ip <= 3232301055)
return false;
if ($ip >= 4294967040)
return false;
}
return true;
}
我在生产节点中使用它，它工作得很好。由于大部分代码来自这里，我已经在GNU @ https://github.com/d3vdigital/whatsmyip-node下发布了一个节点
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