如何使用PHP获取客户端IP地址?
我想通过他/她的IP地址登录到我的网站的用户的记录。
当前回答
我使用了其他答案之一，并添加了一些额外的东西，如CloudFlare代理和NGINX代理检测。
/**
* Gets, validates and returns the connecting client's IP
*/
function getClientIP(){
// Get real visitor IP behind CloudFlare network
if (!empty($_SERVER["HTTP_CF_CONNECTING_IP"]) && validateIP($_SERVER['HTTP_CF_CONNECTING_IP'])) {
return $_SERVER["HTTP_CF_CONNECTING_IP"];
}
// Get real visitor IP behind NGINX proxy - https://easyengine.io/tutorials/nginx/forwarding-visitors-real-ip/
if (!empty($_SERVER["HTTP_X_REAL_IP"]) && validateIP($_SERVER['HTTP_X_REAL_IP'])) {
return $_SERVER["HTTP_X_REAL_IP"];
}
// Check for shared Internet/ISP IP
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP']) && validateIP($_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'])) {
return $_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'];
}
// Check for IP addresses passing through proxies
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'])) {
// Check if multiple IP addresses exist in var
if (strpos($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'], ',') !== false) {
$iplist = explode(',', $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']);
foreach ($iplist as $ip) {
if (validateIP($ip))
return $ip;
}
}
else {
if (validateIP($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'];
}
}
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED']) && validateIP($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED'];
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP']) && validateIP($_SERVER['HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP'];
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR']) && validateIP($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR'];
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED']) && validateIP($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED'];
// Return unreliable IP address since all else failed
return $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
}
/**
* Ensures an IP address is both a valid IP address and does not fall within
* a private network range.
*/
function validateIP($ip) {
if (strtolower($ip) === 'unknown')
return false;
// Generate IPv4 network address
$ip = ip2long($ip);
// Do additional filtering on IP
if(!filter_var($ip, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP))
return false;
// If the IP address is set and not equivalent to 255.255.255.255
if ($ip !== false && $ip !== -1) {
// Make sure to get unsigned long representation of IP address
// due to discrepancies between 32 and 64 bit OSes and
// signed numbers (ints default to signed in PHP)
$ip = sprintf('%u', $ip);
// Do private network range checking
if ($ip >= 0 && $ip <= 50331647)
return false;
if ($ip >= 167772160 && $ip <= 184549375)
return false;
if ($ip >= 2130706432 && $ip <= 2147483647)
return false;
if ($ip >= 2851995648 && $ip <= 2852061183)
return false;
if ($ip >= 2886729728 && $ip <= 2887778303)
return false;
if ($ip >= 3221225984 && $ip <= 3221226239)
return false;
if ($ip >= 3232235520 && $ip <= 3232301055)
return false;
if ($ip >= 4294967040)
return false;
}
return true;
}
我在生产节点中使用它，它工作得很好。由于大部分代码来自这里，我已经在GNU @ https://github.com/d3vdigital/whatsmyip-node下发布了一个节点
其他回答
function get_client_ip()
{
foreach (array(
'HTTP_CLIENT_IP',
'HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR',
'HTTP_X_FORWARDED',
'HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP',
'HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR',
'HTTP_FORWARDED',
'REMOTE_ADDR') as $key) {
if (array_key_exists($key, $_SERVER)) {
foreach (explode(',', $_SERVER[$key]) as $ip) {
$ip = trim($ip);
if ((bool) filter_var($ip, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP,
FILTER_FLAG_IPV4 |
FILTER_FLAG_NO_PRIV_RANGE |
FILTER_FLAG_NO_RES_RANGE)) {
return $ip;
}
}
}
}
return null;
}
或压缩版:
function get_ip() {
foreach (array('HTTP_CLIENT_IP', 'HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR', 'HTTP_X_FORWARDED', 'HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP', 'HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR', 'HTTP_FORWARDED', 'REMOTE_ADDR') as $key) {
if (array_key_exists($key, $_SERVER) === true) {
foreach (array_map('trim', explode(',', $_SERVER[$key])) as $ip) {
if (filter_var($ip, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP, FILTER_FLAG_NO_PRIV_RANGE | FILTER_FLAG_NO_RES_RANGE) !== false) {
return $ip;
}
}
}
}
}
下面是一个很好的获取用户IP地址的干净代码示例。
$ip = $_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP']
? $_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP']
: ($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']
? $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']
: $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']);
下面是一个使用elvis操作符的简短版本:
$_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP']
? : ($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']
? : $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']);
下面是一个使用isset删除通知的版本(谢谢你，@shasi kanth):
$ip = isset($_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'])
? $_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP']
: (isset($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'])
? $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']
: $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']);
你可以使用下面的函数
function get_client_ip() {
$ipaddress = '';
if (isset($_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP']))
$ipaddress = $_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'];
else if(isset($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']))
$ipaddress = $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'];
else if(isset($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED']))
$ipaddress = $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED'];
else if(isset($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR']))
$ipaddress = $_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR'];
else if(isset($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED']))
$ipaddress = $_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED'];
else if(isset($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']))
$ipaddress = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
else
$ipaddress = 'UNKNOWN';
return $ipaddress;
}
这是我使用的方法，它验证IPv4输入:
// Get user IP address
if ( isset($_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP']) && ! empty($_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'])) {
$ip = $_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'];
} elseif ( isset($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']) && ! empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'])) {
$ip = $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'];
} else {
$ip = (isset($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'])) ? $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'] : '0.0.0.0';
}
$ip = filter_var($ip, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP);
$ip = ($ip === false) ? '0.0.0.0' : $ip;
以下是我发现的最先进的方法，我在过去已经尝试过其他一些方法。确保获得访问者的IP地址是有效的(但请注意，任何黑客都很容易伪造IP地址)。
function get_ip_address() {
// Check for shared Internet/ISP IP
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP']) && validate_ip($_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'])) {
return $_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'];
}
// Check for IP addresses passing through proxies
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'])) {
// Check if multiple IP addresses exist in var
if (strpos($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'], ',') !== false) {
$iplist = explode(',', $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']);
foreach ($iplist as $ip) {
if (validate_ip($ip))
return $ip;
}
}
else {
if (validate_ip($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'];
}
}
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED']) && validate_ip($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED'];
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP']) && validate_ip($_SERVER['HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP'];
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR']) && validate_ip($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR'];
if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED']) && validate_ip($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED']))
return $_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED'];
// Return unreliable IP address since all else failed
return $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
}
/**
* Ensures an IP address is both a valid IP address and does not fall within
* a private network range.
*/
function validate_ip($ip) {
if (strtolower($ip) === 'unknown')
return false;
// Generate IPv4 network address
$ip = ip2long($ip);
// If the IP address is set and not equivalent to 255.255.255.255
if ($ip !== false && $ip !== -1) {
// Make sure to get unsigned long representation of IP address
// due to discrepancies between 32 and 64 bit OSes and
// signed numbers (ints default to signed in PHP)
$ip = sprintf('%u', $ip);
// Do private network range checking
if ($ip >= 0 && $ip <= 50331647)
return false;
if ($ip >= 167772160 && $ip <= 184549375)
return false;
if ($ip >= 2130706432 && $ip <= 2147483647)
return false;
if ($ip >= 2851995648 && $ip <= 2852061183)
return false;
if ($ip >= 2886729728 && $ip <= 2887778303)
return false;
if ($ip >= 3221225984 && $ip <= 3221226239)
return false;
if ($ip >= 3232235520 && $ip <= 3232301055)
return false;
if ($ip >= 4294967040)
return false;
}
return true;
}
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