我已经在postgreSQL中创建了一个表。我想查看用于创建表的SQL语句,但无法找出它。

如何通过命令行或SQL语句获得Postgres中现有表的创建表SQL语句?


当前回答

下面是一条语句,它将为指定模式(包括约束)中的单个表生成DDL。

SELECT 'CREATE TABLE ' || pn.nspname || '.' || pc.relname || E'(\n' ||
   string_agg(pa.attname || ' ' || pg_catalog.format_type(pa.atttypid, pa.atttypmod) || coalesce(' DEFAULT ' || (
                                                                                                               SELECT pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(d.adbin, d.adrelid)
                                                                                                               FROM pg_catalog.pg_attrdef d
                                                                                                               WHERE d.adrelid = pa.attrelid
                                                                                                                 AND d.adnum = pa.attnum
                                                                                                                 AND pa.atthasdef
                                                                                                               ),
                                                                                                 '') || ' ' ||
              CASE pa.attnotnull
                  WHEN TRUE THEN 'NOT NULL'
                  ELSE 'NULL'
              END, E',\n') ||
   coalesce((SELECT E',\n' || string_agg('CONSTRAINT ' || pc1.conname || ' ' || pg_get_constraintdef(pc1.oid), E',\n' ORDER BY pc1.conindid)
            FROM pg_constraint pc1
            WHERE pc1.conrelid = pa.attrelid), '') ||
   E');'
FROM pg_catalog.pg_attribute pa
JOIN pg_catalog.pg_class pc
    ON pc.oid = pa.attrelid
    AND pc.relname = 'table_name'
JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace pn
    ON pn.oid = pc.relnamespace
    AND pn.nspname = 'schema_name'
WHERE pa.attnum > 0
    AND NOT pa.attisdropped
GROUP BY pn.nspname, pc.relname, pa.attrelid;

其他回答

下面是对shekwi的查询稍加改进的版本。 它生成主键约束,并能够处理临时表:

with pkey as
(
    select cc.conrelid, format(E',
    constraint %I primary key(%s)', cc.conname,
        string_agg(a.attname, ', ' 
            order by array_position(cc.conkey, a.attnum))) pkey
    from pg_catalog.pg_constraint cc
        join pg_catalog.pg_class c on c.oid = cc.conrelid
        join pg_catalog.pg_attribute a on a.attrelid = cc.conrelid 
            and a.attnum = any(cc.conkey)
    where cc.contype = 'p'
    group by cc.conrelid, cc.conname
)
select format(E'create %stable %s%I\n(\n%s%s\n);\n',
    case c.relpersistence when 't' then 'temporary ' else '' end,
    case c.relpersistence when 't' then '' else n.nspname || '.' end,
    c.relname,
    string_agg(
        format(E'\t%I %s%s',
            a.attname,
            pg_catalog.format_type(a.atttypid, a.atttypmod),
            case when a.attnotnull then ' not null' else '' end
        ), E',\n'
        order by a.attnum
    ),
    (select pkey from pkey where pkey.conrelid = c.oid)) as sql
from pg_catalog.pg_class c
    join pg_catalog.pg_namespace n on n.oid = c.relnamespace
    join pg_catalog.pg_attribute a on a.attrelid = c.oid and a.attnum > 0
    join pg_catalog.pg_type t on a.atttypid = t.oid
where c.relname = :table_name
group by c.oid, c.relname, c.relpersistence, n.nspname;

使用table_name参数指定表的名称。

另一个简单的选择是使用[HeidiSQL client][1]作为PostgreSQL数据库。

如何进入列出所有数据库和表的数据库选项卡。

单击想要查看DDL/创建特定表的语句的任何表/视图。

现在这个客户端为你在右边窗口的桌子上做以下工作:

第一个窗口将用于表中的数据

第二个是SQL主机信息

第三是数据库级别的信息,比如哪些表,大小是多少


第四,我们更关心的表/视图信息选项卡将有create table语句随时为您提供。


我不能在快照中显示你在处理机密数据,自己试试,让我知道如果你们发现了任何问题。

我能想到的最简单的方法是安装pgAdmin 3(在这里找到),并用它来查看数据库。它将自动生成一个查询,该查询将创建所讨论的表。

这是一个有一些编辑的查询,

select 'CREATE TABLE ' || a.attrelid::regclass::text || '(' ||
string_agg(a.attname || ' ' || pg_catalog.format_type(a.atttypid, 
a.atttypmod)||
        CASE WHEN 
            (SELECT substring(pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(d.adbin, d.adrelid) for 128)
             FROM pg_catalog.pg_attrdef d
             WHERE d.adrelid = a.attrelid AND d.adnum = a.attnum AND a.atthasdef) IS NOT NULL THEN
            ' DEFAULT '|| (SELECT substring(pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(d.adbin, d.adrelid) for 128)
                          FROM pg_catalog.pg_attrdef d
                          WHERE d.adrelid = a.attrelid AND d.adnum = a.attnum AND a.atthasdef)
        ELSE
            '' END
||
        CASE WHEN a.attnotnull = true THEN 
            ' NOT NULL'
        ELSE
            '' END,E'\n,') || ');' 
FROM pg_catalog.pg_attribute a join pg_class on a.attrelid=pg_class.oid
WHERE a.attrelid::regclass::varchar =  
'TABLENAME_with_or_without_schema'
AND a.attnum > 0 AND NOT a.attisdropped  and pg_class.relkind='r'
group by a.attrelid;

如果您不想创建函数,而只想让查询创建一个基本的表结构,这里有一个解决方案。

select 'CREATE TABLE ' || table_name ||'(' ||STRING_AGG (
    column_name || ' ' || data_type ,
        ','
       ORDER BY
        table_name,
        ordinal_position
    ) ||');'
    from 
information_schema.columns 
where table_schema = 'public'
group by 
table_name