生成创建特定表背后的SQL (DDL)。 我们可以简单地使用这个SQL查询-

SHOW TABLE your_schema_name.your_table_name

甚至根据@vkkeeper的响应进行了更多的修改。增加了从特定模式查询表的可能性。

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION public.describe_table(p_schema_name character varying, p_table_name character varying)
  RETURNS SETOF text AS
$BODY$
DECLARE
    v_table_ddl   text;
    column_record record;
    table_rec record;
    constraint_rec record;
    firstrec boolean;
BEGIN
    FOR table_rec IN
        SELECT c.relname, c.oid FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c
            LEFT JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace
                WHERE relkind = 'r'
                AND n.nspname = p_schema_name
                AND relname~ ('^('||p_table_name||')$')
          ORDER BY c.relname
    LOOP
        FOR column_record IN
            SELECT
                b.nspname as schema_name,
                b.relname as table_name,
                a.attname as column_name,
                pg_catalog.format_type(a.atttypid, a.atttypmod) as column_type,
                CASE WHEN
                    (SELECT substring(pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(d.adbin, d.adrelid) for 128)
                     FROM pg_catalog.pg_attrdef d
                     WHERE d.adrelid = a.attrelid AND d.adnum = a.attnum AND a.atthasdef) IS NOT NULL THEN
                    'DEFAULT '|| (SELECT substring(pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(d.adbin, d.adrelid) for 128)
                                  FROM pg_catalog.pg_attrdef d
                                  WHERE d.adrelid = a.attrelid AND d.adnum = a.attnum AND a.atthasdef)
                ELSE
                    ''
                END as column_default_value,
                CASE WHEN a.attnotnull = true THEN
                    'NOT NULL'
                ELSE
                    'NULL'
                END as column_not_null,
                a.attnum as attnum,
                e.max_attnum as max_attnum
            FROM
                pg_catalog.pg_attribute a
                INNER JOIN
                 (SELECT c.oid,
                    n.nspname,
                    c.relname
                  FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c
                       LEFT JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace
                  WHERE c.oid = table_rec.oid
                  ORDER BY 2, 3) b
                ON a.attrelid = b.oid
                INNER JOIN
                 (SELECT
                      a.attrelid,
                      max(a.attnum) as max_attnum
                  FROM pg_catalog.pg_attribute a
                  WHERE a.attnum > 0
                    AND NOT a.attisdropped
                  GROUP BY a.attrelid) e
                ON a.attrelid=e.attrelid
            WHERE a.attnum > 0
              AND NOT a.attisdropped
            ORDER BY a.attnum
        LOOP
            IF column_record.attnum = 1 THEN
                v_table_ddl:='CREATE TABLE '||column_record.schema_name||'.'||column_record.table_name||' (';
            ELSE
                v_table_ddl:=v_table_ddl||',';
            END IF;

            IF column_record.attnum <= column_record.max_attnum THEN
                v_table_ddl:=v_table_ddl||chr(10)||
                         '    '||column_record.column_name||' '||column_record.column_type||' '||column_record.column_default_value||' '||column_record.column_not_null;
            END IF;
        END LOOP;

        firstrec := TRUE;
        FOR constraint_rec IN
            SELECT conname, pg_get_constraintdef(c.oid) as constrainddef
                FROM pg_constraint c
                    WHERE conrelid=(
                        SELECT attrelid FROM pg_attribute
                        WHERE attrelid = (
                            SELECT oid FROM pg_class WHERE relname = table_rec.relname
                                AND relnamespace = (SELECT ns.oid FROM pg_namespace ns WHERE ns.nspname = p_schema_name)
                        ) AND attname='tableoid'
                    )
        LOOP
            v_table_ddl:=v_table_ddl||','||chr(10);
            v_table_ddl:=v_table_ddl||'CONSTRAINT '||constraint_rec.conname;
            v_table_ddl:=v_table_ddl||chr(10)||'    '||constraint_rec.constrainddef;
            firstrec := FALSE;
        END LOOP;
        v_table_ddl:=v_table_ddl||');';
        RETURN NEXT v_table_ddl;
    END LOOP;
END;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;

我能想到的最简单的方法是安装pgAdmin 3(在这里找到)，并用它来查看数据库。它将自动生成一个查询，该查询将创建所讨论的表。

使用它并在ddl中获得输出。出文件

~/bin/pg_dump -p 30000 -d <db_name> -U <db_user> --schema=<schema_name> -t <table_name> --schema-only >> /tmp/ddl.out

因此这将在路径:/tmp/ DDL .out中生成DDL

pg_dump -h XXXXXXXXXXX.us-west-1.rds.amazonaws.com -U anyuser -t tablename -s

下面是一条语句，它将为指定模式(包括约束)中的单个表生成DDL。

SELECT 'CREATE TABLE ' || pn.nspname || '.' || pc.relname || E'(\n' ||
   string_agg(pa.attname || ' ' || pg_catalog.format_type(pa.atttypid, pa.atttypmod) || coalesce(' DEFAULT ' || (
                                                                                                               SELECT pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(d.adbin, d.adrelid)
                                                                                                               FROM pg_catalog.pg_attrdef d
                                                                                                               WHERE d.adrelid = pa.attrelid
                                                                                                                 AND d.adnum = pa.attnum
                                                                                                                 AND pa.atthasdef
                                                                                                               ),
                                                                                                 '') || ' ' ||
              CASE pa.attnotnull
                  WHEN TRUE THEN 'NOT NULL'
                  ELSE 'NULL'
              END, E',\n') ||
   coalesce((SELECT E',\n' || string_agg('CONSTRAINT ' || pc1.conname || ' ' || pg_get_constraintdef(pc1.oid), E',\n' ORDER BY pc1.conindid)
            FROM pg_constraint pc1
            WHERE pc1.conrelid = pa.attrelid), '') ||
   E');'
FROM pg_catalog.pg_attribute pa
JOIN pg_catalog.pg_class pc
    ON pc.oid = pa.attrelid
    AND pc.relname = 'table_name'
JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace pn
    ON pn.oid = pc.relnamespace
    AND pn.nspname = 'schema_name'
WHERE pa.attnum > 0
    AND NOT pa.attisdropped
GROUP BY pn.nspname, pc.relname, pa.attrelid;