要理解FOR循环的作用

上图显示FOR可以转换为WHILE，因为它们最终具有完全相同的汇编代码(至少在gcc中)。所以我们可以把FOR分解成几部分，来理解它的功能。

for (i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
  DoSomethingA();
  DoSomethingB();
}

等于WHILE版本

i = 0; //first argument (a statement) of for
while (i < 5 /*second argument (a condition) of for*/) {
  DoSomethingA();
  DoSomethingB();
  ++i; //third argument (another statement) of for
}

It means that you can use FOR as a simple version of WHILE: The first argument of FOR (int i) is executed, outside, before the loop. The third argument of FOR (i++ or ++i) is executed, inside, in the last line of the loop. TL:DR: no matter whether i++ or ++i, we know that when they are standalone, they make no difference but +1 on themselves. In school, they usually teach the i++ way, but there are also lots of people prefer the ++i way due to several reasons. NOTE: In the past, i++ has very little impact on the performance, as it does not only plus one by itself, but also keeps the original value in the register. But for now, it makes no difference as the compiler makes the plus one part the same.

对于用户定义类型的i，这些操作符可以(但不应该)在循环索引上下文中具有有意义的不同语义，这可能(但不应该)影响所描述的循环的行为。

此外，在c++中，使用预增量形式(++i)通常是最安全的，因为它更容易优化。(斯科特·朗廷(Scott Langham)先我一步找到了这个花边新闻。诅咒你，斯科特)

在这两种情况下，'i'将加1。

但是当你在表达式中使用它时，就有区别了，例如:

int i = 1;
int a = ++i;
// i is incremented by one and then assigned to a.
// Both i and a are now 2.
int b = i++;
// i is assigned to b and then incremented by one.
// b is now 2, and i is now 3

正如这段代码所示(请参阅注释中拆解的MSIL)， c# 3编译器在for循环中不区分i++和++i。如果取i++或++i的值，肯定会有区别(这是在visual Studio 2008 / Release Build中编译的):

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace PreOrPostIncrement
{
    class Program
    {
        static int SomethingToIncrement;

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            PreIncrement(1000);
            PostIncrement(1000);
            Console.WriteLine("SomethingToIncrement={0}", SomethingToIncrement);
        }

        static void PreIncrement(int count)
        {
            /*
            .method private hidebysig static void  PreIncrement(int32 count) cil managed
            {
              // Code size       25 (0x19)
              .maxstack  2
              .locals init ([0] int32 i)
              IL_0000:  ldc.i4.0
              IL_0001:  stloc.0
              IL_0002:  br.s       IL_0014
              IL_0004:  ldsfld     int32 PreOrPostIncrement.Program::SomethingToIncrement
              IL_0009:  ldc.i4.1
              IL_000a:  add
              IL_000b:  stsfld     int32 PreOrPostIncrement.Program::SomethingToIncrement
              IL_0010:  ldloc.0
              IL_0011:  ldc.i4.1
              IL_0012:  add
              IL_0013:  stloc.0
              IL_0014:  ldloc.0
              IL_0015:  ldarg.0
              IL_0016:  blt.s      IL_0004
              IL_0018:  ret
            } // end of method Program::PreIncrement             
             */
            for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i)
            {
                ++SomethingToIncrement;
            }
        }

        static void PostIncrement(int count)
        {
            /*
                .method private hidebysig static void  PostIncrement(int32 count) cil managed
                {
                  // Code size       25 (0x19)
                  .maxstack  2
                  .locals init ([0] int32 i)
                  IL_0000:  ldc.i4.0
                  IL_0001:  stloc.0
                  IL_0002:  br.s       IL_0014
                  IL_0004:  ldsfld     int32 PreOrPostIncrement.Program::SomethingToIncrement
                  IL_0009:  ldc.i4.1
                  IL_000a:  add
                  IL_000b:  stsfld     int32 PreOrPostIncrement.Program::SomethingToIncrement
                  IL_0010:  ldloc.0
                  IL_0011:  ldc.i4.1
                  IL_0012:  add
                  IL_0013:  stloc.0
                  IL_0014:  ldloc.0
                  IL_0015:  ldarg.0
                  IL_0016:  blt.s      IL_0004
                  IL_0018:  ret
                } // end of method Program::PostIncrement
             */
            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
            {
                SomethingToIncrement++;
            }
        }
    }
}

是的，在for循环中，++i和i++之间是有区别的，尽管在不寻常的用例中;当在for块中或在循环测试表达式中使用带有递增/递减操作符的循环变量，或与其中一个循环变量一起使用时。不，这不仅仅是语法问题。

因为i在代码中表示对表达式i求值，而运算符并不表示求值，而只是一个操作;

++i表示将i的值增加1，然后对i求值， i++表示对I求值，然后将I的值增加1。

因此，从每两个表达式中得到的内容是不同的，因为在每个表达式中求值的内容是不同的。i和i都一样

例如;

let i = 0

i++ // evaluates to value of i, means evaluates to 0, later increments i by 1, i is now 1
0
i
1
++i // increments i by 1, i is now 2, later evaluates to value of i, means evaluates to 2
2
i
2

在不寻常的用例中，下一个例子听起来有用与否并不重要，它显示了差异

for(i=0, j=i; i<10; j=++i){
    console.log(j, i)
}

for(i=0, j=i; i<10; j=i++){
    console.log(j, i)
}

问题是:

for循环中的++i和i++有区别吗?

答案是:不。

为什么每个答案都必须详细解释前增量和后增量，而这个问题甚至都没有问过?

这样的循环:

for (int i = 0; // Initialization
     i < 5;     // Condition
     i++)       // Increment
{
   Output(i);
}

在不使用循环的情况下转换为下面的代码:

int i = 0; // Initialization

loopStart:
if (i < 5) // Condition
{
   Output(i);

   i++ or ++i; // Increment

   goto loopStart;
}

现在你把i++还是++i作为增量有关系吗?不，它不会，因为增量操作的返回值是不重要的。i将在for循环体内的代码执行之后递增。