我想将Swift中的Int转换为带前导零的字符串。例如，考虑以下代码:
for myInt in 1 ... 3 {
print("\(myInt)")
}
目前的结果是:
1
2
3
但我希望它是:
01
02
03
在Swift标准库中是否有一种干净的方式来做到这一点?
当前回答
Swift 3.0 +
左填充字符串扩展，类似于填充(toLength:withPad:startingAt:)在基础
extension String {
func leftPadding(toLength: Int, withPad: String = " ") -> String {
guard toLength > self.characters.count else { return self }
let padding = String(repeating: withPad, count: toLength - self.characters.count)
return padding + self
}
}
用法:
let s = String(123)
s.leftPadding(toLength: 8, withPad: "0") // "00000123"
其他回答
下面的代码生成了一个前面填充为0的3位字符串:
import Foundation
var randomInt = Int.random(in: 0..<1000)
var str = String(randomInt)
var paddingZero = String(repeating: "0", count: 3 - str.count)
print(str, str.count, paddingZero + str)
输出:
5 1 005
88 2 088
647 3 647
对于左填充，添加一个字符串扩展，如下所示:
Swift 5.0 +
extension String {
func padLeft(totalWidth: Int, with byString: String) -> String {
let toPad = totalWidth - self.count
if toPad < 1 {
return self
}
return "".padding(toLength: toPad, withPad: byString, startingAt: 0) + self
}
}
使用这种方法:
for myInt in 1...3 {
print("\(myInt)".padLeft(totalWidth: 2, with: "0"))
}
假设你想要一个长度为2且前导为0的字段，你可以这样做:
import Foundation
for myInt in 1 ... 3 {
print(String(format: "%02d", myInt))
}
输出:
01 02 03
这需要导入Foundation，所以从技术上讲，它不是Swift语言的一部分，而是Foundation框架提供的功能。请注意，import UIKit和import Cocoa都包含Foundation，所以如果你已经导入了Cocoa或UIKit，就没有必要再次导入它。
格式字符串可以指定多个项的格式。例如，如果你想把3小时15分7秒格式化为03:15:07，你可以这样做:
let hours = 3
let minutes = 15
let seconds = 7
print(String(format: "%02d:%02d:%02d", hours, minutes, seconds))
输出:
03:15:07
Swift 4*及以上，你也可以试试这个:
func leftPadding(valueString: String, toLength: Int, withPad: String = " ") -> String {
guard toLength > valueString.count else { return valueString }
let padding = String(repeating: withPad, count: toLength - valueString.count)
return padding + valueString
}
调用函数:
leftPadding(valueString: "12", toLength: 5, withPad: "0")
输出: “00012”
Swift 3.0 +
左填充字符串扩展，类似于填充(toLength:withPad:startingAt:)在基础
extension String {
func leftPadding(toLength: Int, withPad: String = " ") -> String {
guard toLength > self.characters.count else { return self }
let padding = String(repeating: withPad, count: toLength - self.characters.count)
return padding + self
}
}
用法:
let s = String(123)
s.leftPadding(toLength: 8, withPad: "0") // "00000123"
