正如您在其他答案中看到的，没有标准的方法出现。 因此你已经提到了Apache Commons，我建议使用Apache Commons IO中的FileUtils来实现以下方法:

/**
 * Creates a temporary subdirectory in the standard temporary directory.
 * This will be automatically deleted upon exit.
 * 
 * @param prefix
 *            the prefix used to create the directory, completed by a
 *            current timestamp. Use for instance your application's name
 * @return the directory
 */
public static File createTempDirectory(String prefix) {

    final File tmp = new File(FileUtils.getTempDirectory().getAbsolutePath()
            + "/" + prefix + System.currentTimeMillis());
    tmp.mkdir();
    Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new Thread() {

        @Override
        public void run() {

            try {
                FileUtils.deleteDirectory(tmp);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    });
    return tmp;

}

这是首选的，因为apache公共库是最接近所要求的“标准”的库，并且适用于JDK 7和旧版本。这也返回了一个“旧的”文件实例(基于流)，而不是一个“新的”路径实例(基于缓冲区，将是JDK7的getTemporaryDirectory()方法的结果)->因此，当大多数人想要创建临时目录时，它返回了他们需要的东西。

即使稍后显式删除它，也不要使用deleteOnExit()。

谷歌'deleteonexit is evil'获取更多信息，但问题的要点是:

deleteOnExit()只删除正常的JVM关闭，不删除崩溃或杀死JVM进程。 deleteOnExit()只在JVM关闭时删除-不适合长时间运行的服务器进程，因为: 最糟糕的是deleteOnExit()为每个临时文件条目消耗内存。如果您的进程运行了几个月，或者在短时间内创建了大量临时文件，那么您将消耗内存，直到JVM关闭才释放内存。

只是为了完成，这是谷歌番石榴库的代码。这不是我的代码，但我认为在这个线程中展示它是有价值的。

  /** Maximum loop count when creating temp directories. */
  private static final int TEMP_DIR_ATTEMPTS = 10000;

  /**
   * Atomically creates a new directory somewhere beneath the system's temporary directory (as
   * defined by the {@code java.io.tmpdir} system property), and returns its name.
   *
   * <p>Use this method instead of {@link File#createTempFile(String, String)} when you wish to
   * create a directory, not a regular file. A common pitfall is to call {@code createTempFile},
   * delete the file and create a directory in its place, but this leads a race condition which can
   * be exploited to create security vulnerabilities, especially when executable files are to be
   * written into the directory.
   *
   * <p>This method assumes that the temporary volume is writable, has free inodes and free blocks,
   * and that it will not be called thousands of times per second.
   *
   * @return the newly-created directory
   * @throws IllegalStateException if the directory could not be created
   */
  public static File createTempDir() {
    File baseDir = new File(System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir"));
    String baseName = System.currentTimeMillis() + "-";

    for (int counter = 0; counter < TEMP_DIR_ATTEMPTS; counter++) {
      File tempDir = new File(baseDir, baseName + counter);
      if (tempDir.mkdir()) {
        return tempDir;
      }
    }
    throw new IllegalStateException(
        "Failed to create directory within "
            + TEMP_DIR_ATTEMPTS
            + " attempts (tried "
            + baseName
            + "0 to "
            + baseName
            + (TEMP_DIR_ATTEMPTS - 1)
            + ')');
  }

createTempFile实际上创建了文件。那么为什么不先删除它，然后再对它执行mkdir呢?

在Java 7之前，你还可以:

File folder = File.createTempFile("testFileUtils", ""); // no suffix
folder.delete();
folder.mkdirs();
folder.deleteOnExit();

正如您在其他答案中看到的，没有标准的方法出现。 因此你已经提到了Apache Commons，我建议使用Apache Commons IO中的FileUtils来实现以下方法:

/**
 * Creates a temporary subdirectory in the standard temporary directory.
 * This will be automatically deleted upon exit.
 * 
 * @param prefix
 *            the prefix used to create the directory, completed by a
 *            current timestamp. Use for instance your application's name
 * @return the directory
 */
public static File createTempDirectory(String prefix) {

    final File tmp = new File(FileUtils.getTempDirectory().getAbsolutePath()
            + "/" + prefix + System.currentTimeMillis());
    tmp.mkdir();
    Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new Thread() {

        @Override
        public void run() {

            try {
                FileUtils.deleteDirectory(tmp);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    });
    return tmp;

}

这是首选的，因为apache公共库是最接近所要求的“标准”的库，并且适用于JDK 7和旧版本。这也返回了一个“旧的”文件实例(基于流)，而不是一个“新的”路径实例(基于缓冲区，将是JDK7的getTemporaryDirectory()方法的结果)->因此，当大多数人想要创建临时目录时，它返回了他们需要的东西。