我知道未初始化的局部变量是未定义的行为(UB)，而且值可能有陷阱表示，这可能会影响进一步的操作，但有时我想使用随机数仅为视觉表示，而不会在程序的其他部分进一步使用它们，例如，在视觉效果中设置随机颜色的东西，例如:
void updateEffect(){
for(int i=0;i<1000;i++){
int r;
int g;
int b;
star[i].setColor(r%255,g%255,b%255);
bool isVisible;
star[i].setVisible(isVisible);
}
}
比那么快吗
void updateEffect(){
for(int i=0;i<1000;i++){
star[i].setColor(rand()%255,rand()%255,rand()%255);
star[i].setVisible(rand()%2==0?true:false);
}
}
也比其他随机数生成器快吗?
There are certain situations in which uninitialized memory may be safely read using type "unsigned char*" [e.g. a buffer returned from malloc]. Code may read such memory without having to worry about the compiler throwing causality out the window, and there are times when it may be more efficient to have code be prepared for anything memory might contain than to ensure that uninitialized data won't be read (a commonplace example of this would be using memcpy on partially-initialized buffer rather than discretely copying all of the elements that contain meaningful data).
然而，即使在这种情况下，人们也应该始终假设，如果字节的任何组合特别烦人，那么读取它总是会产生字节的模式(如果某个模式在生产中是烦人的，但在开发中不是，那么这种模式直到代码进入生产中才会出现)。
Reading uninitialized memory might be useful as part of a random-generation strategy in an embedded system where one can be sure the memory has never been written with substantially-non-random content since the last time the system was powered on, and if the manufacturing process used for the memory causes its power-on state to vary in semi-random fashion. Code should work even if all devices always yield the same data, but in cases where e.g. a group of nodes each need to select arbitrary unique IDs as quickly as possible, having a "not very random" generator which gives half the nodes the same initial ID might be better than not having any initial source of randomness at all.
不，太糟糕了。
使用未初始化变量的行为在C和c++中都是未定义的，而且这样的方案不太可能具有理想的统计属性。
如果你想要一个“快速而肮脏”的随机数生成器，那么rand()是你最好的选择。在它的实现中，它所做的只是一个乘法、一个加法和一个模数。
我所知道的最快的生成器需要你使用uint32_t作为伪随机变量I的类型，并使用
I = 1664525 * I + 1013904223
生成连续的值。你可以选择任何你喜欢的I的初始值(称为种子)。显然你可以内联编码。无符号类型的标准保证包装充当模数。(数字常数是由杰出的科学程序员Donald Knuth精心挑选的。)
There are certain situations in which uninitialized memory may be safely read using type "unsigned char*" [e.g. a buffer returned from malloc]. Code may read such memory without having to worry about the compiler throwing causality out the window, and there are times when it may be more efficient to have code be prepared for anything memory might contain than to ensure that uninitialized data won't be read (a commonplace example of this would be using memcpy on partially-initialized buffer rather than discretely copying all of the elements that contain meaningful data).
然而，即使在这种情况下，人们也应该始终假设，如果字节的任何组合特别烦人，那么读取它总是会产生字节的模式(如果某个模式在生产中是烦人的，但在开发中不是，那么这种模式直到代码进入生产中才会出现)。
Reading uninitialized memory might be useful as part of a random-generation strategy in an embedded system where one can be sure the memory has never been written with substantially-non-random content since the last time the system was powered on, and if the manufacturing process used for the memory causes its power-on state to vary in semi-random fashion. Code should work even if all devices always yield the same data, but in cases where e.g. a group of nodes each need to select arbitrary unique IDs as quickly as possible, having a "not very random" generator which gives half the nodes the same initial ID might be better than not having any initial source of randomness at all.
正如其他人所说，这将是快速的，但不是随机的。
大多数编译器对局部变量所做的是在堆栈上为它们抓取一些空间，而不是费心将其设置为任何东西(标准说它们不需要这样做，所以为什么要减慢生成的代码呢?)
在这种情况下，你将得到的值将取决于之前在堆栈上的内容——如果你在这个函数之前调用一个有100个局部char变量设置为'Q'的函数，然后在该函数返回后调用你的函数，那么你可能会发现你的“随机”值表现得就像你已经将memset()它们全部设置为'Q'。
重要的是，你的例子函数尝试使用这个，这些值不会改变每次你读取他们，他们将是相同的每一次。所以你会得到100颗星星都设置成相同的颜色和能见度。
而且，没有什么说编译器不应该初始化这些值——所以将来的编译器可能会这样做。
总的来说:坏主意，不要做。
(就像很多“聪明的”代码级优化一样……)
