将Java流过滤为1，并且只有1个元素

我试图使用Java 8流在LinkedList中查找元素。但是，我想保证与筛选条件有且只有一个匹配。

以这段代码为例:

public static void main(String[] args) {

    LinkedList<User> users = new LinkedList<>();
    users.add(new User(1, "User1"));
    users.add(new User(2, "User2"));
    users.add(new User(3, "User3"));

    User match = users.stream().filter((user) -> user.getId() == 1).findAny().get();
    System.out.println(match.toString());
}

static class User {

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return id + " - " + username;
    }

    int id;
    String username;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(int id, String username) {
        this.id = id;
        this.username = username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
}

这段代码根据用户的ID查找用户。但是不能保证有多少用户匹配过滤器。

更改过滤器行为:

User match = users.stream().filter((user) -> user.getId() < 0).findAny().get();

将抛出一个NoSuchElementException(很好!)

但是，如果有多个匹配，我希望它抛出一个错误。有办法做到这一点吗?

当前回答

public List<state> getAllActiveState() {
    List<Master> master = masterRepository.getActiveExamMasters();
    Master activeMaster = new Master();
    try {
        activeMaster = master.stream().filter(status -> status.getStatus() == true).reduce((u, v) -> {
            throw new IllegalStateException();
        }).get();
        return stateRepository.getAllStateActiveId(activeMaster.getId());
    } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
        logger.info(":More than one status found TRUE in Master");
        return null;
    }
}

In this above code, As per the condition if its find more than one true in the list then it will through the exception. When it through the error will showing custom message because it easy maintain the logs on server side. From Nth number of element present in list just want only one element have true condition if in list there are more than one elements having true status at that moment it will through an exception. after getting all the this we using get(); to taking that one element from list and stored it into another object. If you want you added optional like Optional<activeMaster > = master.stream().filter(status -> status.getStatus() == true).reduce((u, v) -> {throw new IllegalStateException();}).get();

2022-02-11 05:09:33

其他回答

使用Reduce和Optional

来自Fabio Bonfante的回应:

public <T> T getOneExample(Collection<T> collection) {
    return collection.stream()
        .filter(x -> /* do some filter */)
        .reduce((x,y)-> {throw new IllegalStateException("multiple");})
        .orElseThrow(() -> new NoSuchElementException("none"));
}

2022-01-04 15:14:00

我自己尝试了一个示例代码，这里是解决方案。

User user = Stream.of(new User(2), new User(2), new User(1), new User(2))
            .filter(u -> u.getAge() == 2).findFirst().get();

和用户类

class User {
    private int age;

public User(int age) {
    this.age = age;
}

public int getAge() {
    return age;
}

public void setAge(int age) {
    this.age = age;
 }
}

2021-12-28 11:45:33

如果你不使用Guava或Kotlin，这里有一个基于@skiwi和@Neuron答案的解决方案。

users.stream().collect(single(user -> user.getId() == 1));

users.stream().collect(optional(user -> user.getId() == 1));

其中single和optional是返回相应收集器的静态导入函数。

我认为，如果将过滤逻辑移到收集器内部，看起来会更简洁。同样，如果您碰巧用.filter删除字符串，代码中也不会中断任何内容。

代码https://gist.github.com/overpas/ccc39b75f17a1c65682c071045c1a079的要点

2020-10-14 12:54:03

其他涉及编写自定义Collector的答案可能更有效(如Louis Wasserman的+1)，但如果你想要简洁，我建议如下:

List<User> result = users.stream()
    .filter(user -> user.getId() == 1)
    .limit(2)
    .collect(Collectors.toList());

然后验证结果列表的大小。

if (result.size() != 1) {
  throw new IllegalStateException("Expected exactly one user but got " + result);
User user = result.get(0);
}

2014-03-28 15:39:23

使用收集器:

public static <T> Collector<T, ?, Optional<T>> singleElementCollector() {
    return Collectors.collectingAndThen(
            Collectors.toList(),
            list -> list.size() == 1 ? Optional.of(list.get(0)) : Optional.empty()
    );
}

用法:

Optional<User> result = users.stream()
        .filter((user) -> user.getId() < 0)
        .collect(singleElementCollector());

我们返回一个Optional，因为我们通常不能假设集合只包含一个元素。如果你已经知道这是什么情况，请致电:

User user = result.orElseThrow();

这就把处理错误的负担放在了调用者身上——这是应该的。

2018-05-24 16:49:01

将Java流过滤为1，并且只有1个元素

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