给定一个无序的值列表,比如

a = [5, 1, 2, 2, 4, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 1, 5, 2]

我怎样才能得到出现在列表中的每个值的频率,就像这样?

# `a` has 4 instances of `1`, 4 of `2`, 2 of `3`, 1 of `4,` 2 of `5`
b = [4, 4, 2, 1, 2] # expected output

当前回答

from collections import OrderedDict
a = [1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,3,3,4,5,5]
def get_count(lists):
    dictionary = OrderedDict()
    for val in lists:
        dictionary.setdefault(val,[]).append(1)
    return [sum(val) for val in dictionary.values()]
print(get_count(a))
>>>[4, 4, 2, 1, 2]

删除副本并维持秩序:

list(dict.fromkeys(get_count(a)))
>>>[4, 2, 1]

其他回答

Python 2.7+引入了字典理解。从列表中构建字典将获得计数并去除重复项。

>>> a = [1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,3,3,4,5,5]
>>> d = {x:a.count(x) for x in a}
>>> d
{1: 4, 2: 4, 3: 2, 4: 1, 5: 2}
>>> a, b = d.keys(), d.values()
>>> a
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
>>> b
[4, 4, 2, 1, 2]

假设我们有一个列表:

fruits = ['banana', 'banana', 'apple', 'banana']

我们可以在列表中找出每种水果的数量,像这样:

import numpy as np    
(unique, counts) = np.unique(fruits, return_counts=True)
{x:y for x,y in zip(unique, counts)}

结果:

{'banana': 3, 'apple': 1}

通过遍历列表并计算它们,手动计算出现的数量,使用collections.defaultdict跟踪到目前为止看到的内容:

from collections import defaultdict

appearances = defaultdict(int)

for curr in a:
    appearances[curr] += 1

这个答案更加明确

a = [1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,3,3,3,4,4]

d = {}
for item in a:
    if item in d:
        d[item] = d.get(item)+1
    else:
        d[item] = 1

for k,v in d.items():
    print(str(k)+':'+str(v))

# output
#1:4
#2:4
#3:3
#4:2

#remove dups
d = set(a)
print(d)
#{1, 2, 3, 4}
seta = set(a)
b = [a.count(el) for el in seta]
a = list(seta) #Only if you really want it.