给定一个无序的值列表,比如

a = [5, 1, 2, 2, 4, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 1, 5, 2]

我怎样才能得到出现在列表中的每个值的频率,就像这样?

# `a` has 4 instances of `1`, 4 of `2`, 2 of `3`, 1 of `4,` 2 of `5`
b = [4, 4, 2, 1, 2] # expected output

当前回答

a = [1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,3,3,4,5,5]
counts = dict.fromkeys(a, 0)
for el in a: counts[el] += 1
print(counts)
# {1: 4, 2: 4, 3: 2, 4: 1, 5: 2}

其他回答

如果您不想使用任何库并保持简单和简短,可以尝试这种方法!

a = [1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,3,3,4,5,5]
marked = []
b = [(a.count(i), marked.append(i))[0] for i in a if i not in marked]
print(b)

o/p

[4, 4, 2, 1, 2]

我迟到了,但这也有用,也会帮助到其他人:

a = [1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,3,3,4,5,5]
freq_list = []
a_l = list(set(a))

for x in a_l:
    freq_list.append(a.count(x))


print 'Freq',freq_list
print 'number',a_l

会产生这个…

Freq  [4, 4, 2, 1, 2]
number[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

Python 2.7+引入了字典理解。从列表中构建字典将获得计数并去除重复项。

>>> a = [1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,3,3,4,5,5]
>>> d = {x:a.count(x) for x in a}
>>> d
{1: 4, 2: 4, 3: 2, 4: 1, 5: 2}
>>> a, b = d.keys(), d.values()
>>> a
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
>>> b
[4, 4, 2, 1, 2]
def frequencyDistribution(data):
    return {i: data.count(i) for i in data}   

print frequencyDistribution([1,2,3,4])

...

 {1: 1, 2: 1, 3: 1, 4: 1}   # originalNumber: count

如果列表是排序的,你可以使用itertools标准库中的groupby(如果不是,你可以先排序,尽管这需要O(nlgn)时间):

from itertools import groupby

a = [5, 1, 2, 2, 4, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 1, 5, 2]
[len(list(group)) for key, group in groupby(sorted(a))]

输出:

[4, 4, 2, 1, 2]