我如何从c#执行命令行程序,并获得STD OUT结果?具体来说,我想对两个以编程方式选择的文件执行DIFF,并将结果写入一个文本框。


当前回答

这可能不是最好/最简单的方法,但可能是一种选择:

当从代码执行时,添加“> output.txt”,然后读入output.txt文件。

其他回答

在PublicDomain开源代码中有一个ProcessHelper类,你可能会感兴趣。

朱利安的解决方案经过了一些小的修正。下面是一个同样使用https://sourceforge.net/projects/bat-to-exe/ GenericConsole.cs和https://www.codeproject.com/Articles/19225/Bat-file-compiler program.txt作为args部分的例子:

using System;
using System.Text;  //StringBuilder
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;


class Program
{
    private static bool redirectStandardOutput = true;

    private static string buildargument(string[] args)
    {
        StringBuilder arg = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < args.Length; i++)
        {
            arg.Append("\"" + args[i] + "\" ");
        }

        return arg.ToString();
    }

    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        Process prc = new Process();
        prc.StartInfo = //new ProcessStartInfo("cmd.exe", String.Format("/c \"\"{0}\" {1}", Path.Combine(Environment.CurrentDirectory, "mapTargetIDToTargetNameA3.bat"), buildargument(args)));
        //new ProcessStartInfo(Path.Combine(Environment.CurrentDirectory, "mapTargetIDToTargetNameA3.bat"), buildargument(args));
        new ProcessStartInfo("mapTargetIDToTargetNameA3.bat");
        prc.StartInfo.Arguments = buildargument(args);

        prc.EnableRaisingEvents = true;

        if (redirectStandardOutput == true)
        {
            prc.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
        }
        else
        {
            prc.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = true;
        }

        prc.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;

        prc.OutputDataReceived += OnOutputDataRecived;
        prc.ErrorDataReceived += OnErrorDataReceived;
        //prc.Exited += OnExited;

        prc.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = redirectStandardOutput;
        prc.StartInfo.RedirectStandardError = redirectStandardOutput;

        try
        {
            prc.Start();
            prc.BeginOutputReadLine();
            prc.BeginErrorReadLine();
            prc.WaitForExit();
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("OS error: " + e.Message);
        }

        prc.Close();
    }

    // Handle the dataevent
    private static void OnOutputDataRecived(object sender, DataReceivedEventArgs e)
    {
        //do something with your data
        Console.WriteLine(e.Data);
    }

    //Handle the error
    private static void OnErrorDataReceived(object sender, DataReceivedEventArgs e)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(e.Data);
    }

    // Handle Exited event and display process information.
    //private static void OnExited(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
    //{
    //    var process = sender as Process;
    //    if (process != null)
    //    {
    //        Console.WriteLine("ExitCode: " + process.ExitCode);
    //    }
    //    else
    //    {
    //        Console.WriteLine("Process exited");
    //    }
    //}
}

代码需要在VS2007内部编译,使用命令行csc.exe生成的可执行文件将不能正确显示控制台输出,甚至崩溃与CLR20r3错误。注释掉OnExited事件过程,蝙蝠到exe的控制台输出将更像原来的蝙蝠控制台输出。

这里有一个简单的例子:

//Create process
System.Diagnostics.Process pProcess = new System.Diagnostics.Process();

//strCommand is path and file name of command to run
pProcess.StartInfo.FileName = strCommand;

//strCommandParameters are parameters to pass to program
pProcess.StartInfo.Arguments = strCommandParameters;

pProcess.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;

//Set output of program to be written to process output stream
pProcess.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;   

//Optional
pProcess.StartInfo.WorkingDirectory = strWorkingDirectory;

//Start the process
pProcess.Start();

//Get program output
string strOutput = pProcess.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd();

//Wait for process to finish
pProcess.WaitForExit();

这里有一个小例子:

using System;
using System.Diagnostics;

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        var p = Process.Start(
            new ProcessStartInfo("git", "branch --show-current")
            {
                CreateNoWindow = true,
                UseShellExecute = false,
                RedirectStandardError = true,
                RedirectStandardOutput = true,
                WorkingDirectory = Environment.CurrentDirectory
            }
        );

        p.WaitForExit();
        string branchName =p.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd().TrimEnd();
        string errorInfoIfAny =p.StandardError.ReadToEnd().TrimEnd();

        if (errorInfoIfAny.Length != 0)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"error: {errorInfoIfAny}");
        }
        else { 
            Console.WriteLine($"branch: {branchName}");
        }

    }
}

我相信这是最短的形式。

请注意,大多数命令行工具很容易混淆标准输出和标准错误,有时将它们组合成一个字符串是有意义的。

p.e exitcode有时也很有用。

上面的例子用于编写命令行工具,如果你想自己做的话。请注意,对于cli自动化,也可以使用Cake Frosten和Cake Git扩展。

只是为了好玩,这里是我完整的获得PYTHON输出的解决方案-在单击按钮下-带有错误报告。只需添加一个名为“butPython”的按钮和一个名为“llHello”的标签…

    private void butPython(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        llHello.Text = "Calling Python...";
        this.Refresh();
        Tuple<String,String> python = GoPython(@"C:\Users\BLAH\Desktop\Code\Python\BLAH.py");
        llHello.Text = python.Item1; // Show result.
        if (python.Item2.Length > 0) MessageBox.Show("Sorry, there was an error:" + Environment.NewLine + python.Item2);
    }

    public Tuple<String,String> GoPython(string pythonFile, string moreArgs = "")
    {
        ProcessStartInfo PSI = new ProcessStartInfo();
        PSI.FileName = "py.exe";
        PSI.Arguments = string.Format("\"{0}\" {1}", pythonFile, moreArgs);
        PSI.CreateNoWindow = true;
        PSI.UseShellExecute = false;
        PSI.RedirectStandardError = true;
        PSI.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
        using (Process process = Process.Start(PSI))
            using (StreamReader reader = process.StandardOutput)
            {
                string stderr = process.StandardError.ReadToEnd(); // Error(s)!!
                string result = reader.ReadToEnd(); // What we want.
                return new Tuple<String,String> (result,stderr); 
            }
    }