I am new to reactJS and am writing code so that before the data is loaded from DB, it will show loading message, and then after it is loaded, render components with the loaded data. To do this, I am using both useState hook and useEffect hook. Here is the code:
问题是，当我检查console.log时，useEffect被触发了两次。因此，代码将两次查询相同的数据，这是应该避免的。
下面是我写的代码:
import React from 'react';
import './App.css';
import {useState,useEffect} from 'react';
import Postspreview from '../components/Postspreview'
const indexarray=[]; //The array to which the fetched data will be pushed
function Home() {
const [isLoading,setLoad]=useState(true);
useEffect(()=>{
/*
Query logic to query from DB and push to indexarray
*/
setLoad(false); // To indicate that the loading is complete
})
},[]);
if (isLoading===true){
console.log("Loading");
return <div>This is loading...</div>
}
else {
console.log("Loaded!"); //This is actually logged twice.
return (
<div>
<div className="posts_preview_columns">
{indexarray.map(indexarray=>
<Postspreview
username={indexarray.username}
idThumbnail={indexarray.profile_thumbnail}
nickname={indexarray.nickname}
postThumbnail={indexarray.photolink}
/>
)}
</div>
</div>
);
}
}
export default Home;
有人能帮助我理解为什么它被调用两次，以及如何正确地修复代码吗?
非常感谢!
正如其他人已经指出的那样，这很可能是由于React 18.0引入了严格模式功能。
我写了一篇博客文章，解释了为什么会发生这种情况，以及你可以做些什么来解决它。
但如果你只是想看代码，这里:
let initialized = false
useEffect(() => {
if (!initialized) {
initialized = true
// My actual effect logic...
...
}
}, [])
或作为可重复使用的钩子:
import type { DependencyList, EffectCallback } from "react"
import { useEffect } from "react"
export function useEffectUnsafe(effect: EffectCallback, deps: DependencyList) {
let initialized = false
useEffect(() => {
if (!initialized) {
initialized = true
effect()
}
}, deps)
}
请记住，只有在不得已的情况下才应该使用这种解决方案!
我遇到过这样的问题:
const [onChainNFTs, setOnChainNFTs] = useState([]);
将触发useEffect两次:
useEffect(() => {
console.log('do something as initial state of onChainNFTs changed'); // triggered 2 times
}, [onChainNFTs]);
我确认组件MOUNTED ONLY ONCE和setOnChainNFTs没有被调用不止一次-所以这不是问题所在。
我通过将onChainNFTs的初始状态转换为null并进行空检查来修复它。
e.g.
const [onChainNFTs, setOnChainNFTs] = useState(null);
useEffect(() => {
if (onChainNFTs !== null) {
console.log('do something as initial state of onChainNFTs changed'); // triggered 1 time!
}
}, [onChainNFTs]);
不知道为什么你不把结果放在状态，这里有一个例子，调用效果一次，所以你必须在代码中做了一些事情，没有发布，使它再次呈现:
const App = () => {
const [isLoading, setLoad] = React.useState(true)
const [data, setData] = React.useState([])
React.useEffect(() => {
console.log('in effect')
fetch('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/todos')
.then(result => result.json())
.then(data => {
setLoad(false)//causes re render
setData(data)//causes re render
})
},[])
//first log in console, effect happens after render
console.log('rendering:', data.length, isLoading)
return <pre>{JSON.stringify(data, undefined, 2)}</pre>
}
//render app
ReactDOM.render(<App />, document.getElementById('root'))
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/react/16.8.4/umd/react.production.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/react-dom/16.8.4/umd/react-dom.production.min.js"></script>
<div id="root"></div>
为了防止额外的渲染，你可以在一个状态下合并数据和加载:
const useIsMounted = () => {
const isMounted = React.useRef(false);
React.useEffect(() => {
isMounted.current = true;
return () => isMounted.current = false;
}, []);
return isMounted;
};
const App = () => {
const [result, setResult] = React.useState({
loading: true,
data: []
})
const isMounted = useIsMounted();
React.useEffect(() => {
console.log('in effect')
fetch('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/todos')
.then(result => result.json())
.then(data => {
//before setting state in async function you should
// alsways check if the component is still mounted or
// react will spit out warnings
isMounted.current && setResult({ loading: false, data })
})
},[isMounted])
console.log(
'rendering:',
result.data.length,
result.loading
)
return (
<pre>{JSON.stringify(result.data, undefined, 2)}</pre>
)
}
//render app
ReactDOM.render(<App />, document.getElementById('root'))
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/react/16.8.4/umd/react.production.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/react-dom/16.8.4/umd/react-dom.production.min.js"></script>
<div id="root"></div>
下面是为您的目的定制的钩子。这对你的情况可能有帮助。
import {
useRef,
EffectCallback,
DependencyList,
useEffect
} from 'react';
/**
*
* @param effect
* @param dependencies
* @description Hook to prevent running the useEffect on the first render
*
*/
export default function useNoInitialEffect(
effect: EffectCallback,
dependancies?: DependencyList
) {
//Preserving the true by default as initial render cycle
const initialRender = useRef(true);
useEffect(() => {
let effectReturns: void | (() => void) = () => {};
/**
* Updating the ref to false on the first render, causing
* subsequent render to execute the effect
*
*/
if (initialRender.current) {
initialRender.current = false;
} else {
effectReturns = effect();
}
/**
* Preserving and allowing the Destructor returned by the effect
* to execute on component unmount and perform cleanup if
* required.
*
*/
if (effectReturns && typeof effectReturns === 'function') {
return effectReturns;
}
return undefined;
}, dependancies);
}
